They say, the talented person is talented in everything, and abilities need to be developed, but not to earth. Ardent opponents of this opinion claim – talents are given not everyone as at some persons there is nothing to develop. Whether so it actually, or people just thought up justification to the inaction? The defining factor are the inclinations and abilities given to the person at the birth here.
Inclinations as natural prerequisites of abilities
As the psychology claims, abilities and inclinations are interconnected with each other. Inclinations are prerequisites to development of abilities, and it means that personal development in general depends on inclinations. Under favorable vital conditions, the personality can achieve success whether gaining abilities in the course of activity and regardless of that it had initially prerequisites to that to come to any vital achievements. Scientists argue whether there are at the person inclinations from the birth or they do not exist per se at all. In spite of the fact that the anatomic origin of inclinations is not proved, psychologists agree in opinion that at the correct education and training, the person will quicker achieve success in life. If the child does not receive the soil for development of the abilities, and parents do not support him in various interests and hobbies, such person risks not to disclose the talents. Such mistakes in education meet quite often. Without paying attention to natural abilities and inclinations of the child, parents seek to impose it the once not realized opportunities. In other words, the child is forced to do all that parents could not reach, without having realized the internal potential.
However in adulthood it is possible to define independently whether you have inclinations and what you have abilities. For this purpose it is enough to understand definition of these concepts.
Concept of abilities and inclinations
Abilities are, first of all, features of the personality which allow to achieve success in affairs and communication. They come easily and effortlessly. Most often it is those qualities which we in ourselves found long ago and which bring us pleasure.
Inclinations are those abilities which allow to develop to abilities. As a rule, it is certain properties of nervous system, or anatomo-physiological features.
Inclinations and abilities of the personality can be divided natural and specific. Natural are put in the person biologically, and are formed through life experience. For example, if to develop good physical inclinations, it is possible to achieve quite good results in sport. Specific abilities and inclinations of the person in turn can be divided into three components:
- theoretical and practical. The first type of abilities defines tendency of the person to abstract logically thinking. The second look defines practical actions. At versatily developed people both of these abilities perfectly are combined and supplement each other;
- general and special abilities. Different types of activity and communication of the person are defined by existence of the first type of abilities. For example, mental capacities and functions of memory and speech. Special abilities allow to achieve success in concrete fields of activity. For example, in sport, music, the equipment, the mathematical and literary directions;
- educational and creative abilities. The first help the person to acquire skills and knowledge with ease and also promote formation of the personality. The second, i.e. creative abilities help to create works of art and cultures and also to make various discoveries.
Development of abilities
When we understands what is abilities and inclinations, development of abilities will not seem such difficult as at first sight. There are several levels of their development:
deposits are natural prerequisites to development; abilities;
- endowments - set of abilities which gives to the person the chance successfully to carry out a certain activity;
- skill - performance of a certain activity with perfection;
- talent – a combination of advanced abilities. One developed ability is not talent yet;
- genius – the highest level of development of abilities. Very unusual occurrence in the history of mankind. In total it is possible to count about four hundred geniuses for lifetime of our civilization.
It is possible to develop in itself any given abilities only under certain conditions. For this purpose, you at least have to be in the favorable social environment, that is communicate with people who can share with you knowledge, experience or just to give you additional motivation for development. Interest and support are the main factor of development of abilities. Even the competition situation can sometimes give the person new strength. And if you doubt, there are also in you inclinations, special psychological techniques will help to define their and your future abilities. For example, test of mathematical analogies, diagnostics of structures of intelligence of Amtkhauer, Ravenna test and many others.