Chameleons - surprising animals. Their roots go far to antiquity, they lived at the time of dinosaurs. These animals gained popularity due to surprising ability - to change skin color.
Instruction
1. Chameleons - inhabitants of savannas, deserts, tropical forests and steppes. They mainly live on trees less often - on the earth. Chameleons have ability to change skin color for the most various shades: pink, red, green, black, yellow. The special structure of integuments gives the chance to chameleons to change coloring. In a deep skin layer there are special branched cages - chromatophores. They are reflective and contain grains of pigments of different flowers: yellow, red, black, brown. Chromatophores are present at reptiles, fishes, Amphibia. At cages the difficult mechanism of work connected with nervous system. Cages of the top layer contain a red and yellow pigment, further there is a guanine layer - colourless crystal substance, the melanofor containing a pigment of black color are located even more deeply. Depending on the arriving signal of nervous system there is a distribution of pigmentary granules, they mix up, forming new colors.
2. The chameleon changes a color depending on a surrounding situation, at an ispytyvaniye of feeling of hunger, fear, aggression. Temperature, humidity, light define an animal color too. Most often the skin color well is in harmony with a situation around, with a background of the area of dwelling to disguise a chameleon. Communication with the relatives is one more reason of change of color. During the marriage period the skin color becomes bright to attract a female, and here aggression is followed by a dark color. If two chameleons did not divide the territory, then they begin to compete with each other. The first stage of competitions for the place on the sun consists in skin coloring. That male who will be brighter than the relative will confidently win.
3. Inhabitants of deserts use the feature for sunlight absorption. In the morning a color black to incorporate as much as possible heat, and during the lunchtime become light gray to reflect sunshine. The color can also change only on certain sites, then multi-colored strips or spots cover a body of a chameleon. The opinion is wrong that the chameleon can accept all colors and patterns. It changes the color in the range put in physiology of an animal. Owners of chameleons like to make with them experiments. If chameleon to put on a chessboard, then it will not become in a black-and-white section.