Deformations of buildings often lead to emergence of cracks in the base and walls. In this case replacement of the base under the house which demands thorough training is necessary.
Instruction
1. The technology of replacement and strengthening of the base represents the whole complex of earthwork, construction and repair work. Replacement of the base should be begun with unloading of the basis. It is very important that the integrity of design was not broken. For this purpose it is necessary to apply rod posts or wooden chairs.
2. After raising the consecutive dismantling of the old base is spent at home, then screw piles in which channels are established are mounted. The house falls by these channels. The old base can be sorted manually or with use of special purpose tools - crowbars, jacks, sledge hammers and chocks. Blows need to be struck on horizontal seams, at the same time the whole bricks are cleaned from solution and used again. If the base has been made of cement solution, then it is necessary to hammer wedges into horizontal and vertical joints. For the purpose of prevention of deformation of walls they need to be strengthened. For this purpose on perimeter of all base it is necessary to establish anchors which are fastened with each other with armature. Walls need to be pulled together with boards, especially those which have door and window openings.
3. On blueprint stage of the new base it is necessary to choose its type. It is important to consider all aspects: natural, soil and climatic, frost depth. Experts advise to establish the new base previous a little lower than the level.
4. The next stage is installation of piles and connection by their monolithic pillow. Today the most popular is melkozaglublenny continuous footing. At this way it is necessary to make sandy pillow and to mount on it timberings. To fill in all design with concrete. It is necessary to wait some time that concrete has stiffened and to carry out base waterproofing to 2 layers. The composition of solution of the base depends on condition of the base. If destructions quite essential, then the cement ratio to sand has to make 2:3. To fill up the formed emptiness with sand or gravel and to execute blind area.
5. The easiest and cheap way of replacement of unsuitable sites of the base – cosmetic. Another matter – dismantling of walls and analysis of the base. Here not to do without dismantling of walls and carrying out complex building measures. Most often when replacing the base to the place of the destroyed elements columns, screw or drill in situ piles are established. Qualitatively repaired base is the key to stability of any building.