Sometimes gardeners only try to grow up on the seasonal dacha champignons, and for others gribovodstvo – already quite favorable business. For whatever purposes these mushrooms were grown up, preparation of compost is one of the most important conditions of success of this action.
Success components
Before cultivation of mushrooms it must be kept in mind that champignons – the difficult culture in cultivation demanding exact respect for technology of cultivation and composition of soil mix. Otherwise efforts will not be justified. Champignons can be grown up both in the open air, and indoors. In this case gribovod has opportunity to remove harvests all the year round.
In the summer for cultivation of mushrooms it is possible to use cold sheds, basements, the special shaded hotbeds. Requirements of agrotechnology oblige to maintain temperature in rooms +14-25os, air humidity has to be within 60-90%. For year-round cultivation of mushrooms usually use the warmed basements with mechanical ventilation and adjustable temperature and humidity. At the same time it is necessary to remember that mushrooms do not take out drafts. For optimum use of useful area champignons grow up in boxes on special racks. It turns out possible that at cultivation they do not need daylight – champignons perfectly grow and in the dark, at the same time their quality characteristics do not suffer, and exterior only wins.
How to prepare substrate
As traditional material for preparation of compost for champignons serves the horse manure mixed with straw. However this material can quite be replaced with the compost prepared from manure of the krupnorogaty cattle, pigs or birds which is also mixed with straw. Regardless of quality of initial material (manure), the technology of preparation of mushroom substrate will be following: That substrate has turned out the most feeder and has given good gain of mushrooms, it is necessary to mix manure and wheat straw in the proportions provided by technology. Preparation of substrate will require 100 kg of the crushed straw, 50 kg of cow manure. Straw is moistened with water, add urea at the rate of 2.5 kg of hectare of 100 kg of straw, chicken dung of 40 kg, 3 kg of plaster, 300 g of superphosphate and 300 l of water. It is necessary to mix and leave mix well for 13-14 days. It is possible to use instead of water liquid drains from livestock farms. In this case it is possible to do without mineral fertilizers. Process of maturing of substrate lasts 2 weeks, during this time it is necessary to turn over 3-4 times it (it is called thrashing), at the same time watering in order that process of maturing of compost went better. After temperature of compost has begun to decrease, and the smell of ammonia has disappeared, it is ready to filling with mycelium. To prevent growth of weed mushrooms and development of infections, it is desirable to sterilize substrate. Then ready compost boxes jam, are poured by mycelium according to standards and placed on racks. From this point it is necessary to air the room. In 3-4 days the crops need to be powdered with the earth slightly. The first champignons will appear in 17-21 days.