""The perforated spottiness"" is the fungal disease of fruit crops widespread in nonchernozem zone. Summer residents often face this phenomenon in practice, but usually do not hurry to struggle with infection or do not know how to do it. However if in time not to show vigilance, the artful infection can damage fruits or to leave gardeners without harvest.
Klyasterosporioz (perforated spottiness) is disease which does not spare fruit-tree and affects it entirely: all bodies of plant and young escapes suffer. The activator of klyasterosporioz is incredibly hardy and is not afraid of frosts, and at temperature begins to breed actively slightly above zero. In the winter the fungus is in condition of anabiosis under plant bark, and with approach of spring, under favorable conditions for high humidity, comes to life, becomes more active and develops disputes.
How does defeat of tree fungus happen?
The disease picture is most distinctly traced by leaves. On them red dots, and then rusty spots with characteristic crimson border appear. These spots quickly increase in the diameter, destroying vegetable fabric. In 1-2 weeks the leaves turn into sieve, they dry up and fall down, also scapes are infected. On young escapes there are reddish roundish spots up to 5 mm in the diameter with bright border which is distinctive sign of perforated spottiness.
The captured by fungal infection, wood fabric cracks, izjyazvlyatsya and pours out sticky gum which stiffens in the form of yellow resinous weight. On escapes ""vybolevshy"" places - numerous outgrowths are formed.
The flowers infected klyasterosporiozy are showered, sore kidneys darken, become covered with gum and die off.
On the struck fruits of plum there are purple spots which then change color for brown and are blown up by warty formations. Fruits become rigid, ugly curved, from some gum flows.
The general weakening and delay of development of fruit-trees sharply reduces productivity therefore gardeners need to try to save as soon as possible the garden from such misfortune as klyasterosporioz.
What measures to take?
First of all it is necessary to make cutting and to destroy the struck escapes to leaf fall. It is ideal to burn them together with already fallen leaves and fruits outside the site somewhere. It is necessary to examine also attentively krone and to remove brown leaves which still remain on branches from tree. It is necessary to liquidate root young growth, and the soil around plum in the fall - to dig over and mulch.
Gum wounds need to be treated in the spring, prior to the beginning of sokodvizheniye. The damaged sites should be smoothed out to healthy fabric, taking up to 2 cm of bark around outgrowth. Disinfection to produce 1% copper vitriol or 1% solution of pharmayod, then to dry wound and to cover with the garden thief.
In due time taken measures reliably will protect garden from perforated spottiness. The first processing of plum is done in the early spring, during loosening of buds, the second - right after blossoming. Third, if necessary, - in the fall, in 3 weeks prior to harvesting. For this purpose use cupriferous means - 1% solution of the Bordeaux liquid (100 grams of vitriol mix with 100 grams of lime at the rate on 10 - liter bucket of water) or 1% solution of copper vitriol.
Chemical medicines with low phytotoxicity are highly effective for prevention and fight with klyasterosporiozy. These are organic Figon sprayers, Ftalan, Zineb, Ziram and others. It is important to remember that fruits can be collected not earlier, than in month after the last processing by fungicides.