Any collective whatever it was on number of participants and orientation is non-uniform. Relationship between members of the group can be the most various, and not always these features can be available to direct observation. For studying a microclimate in collective various social and psychological methods, one of which is creation of a sotsiogramma – the scheme reflecting relationship in group, are used.
It is required to you
- - notebook;
- - sheet of paper;
- - pencil (handle).
Instruction
1. Define the purpose of drawing up a sotsiogramma. It can be assessment of unity of collective, definition of problems in relationship, identification of informal leaders. In most cases carrying out such sociometric research promotes the best entry into group of the new head (the teacher, the mentor, the trainer and so on).
2. Make the list of members of the group, having arranged them in alphabetical order. Previously collect the necessary information about each participant of collective (age, interests, hobbies, orientation of the personality). Use for this purpose a conversation and direct observation of behavior of any given person. Pay special attention to the repeating behavior and the most typical reactions to similar situations. Observation is more built fix in the diary.
3. On each member of the group get a small card. Enter in it three positive lines of its character and one undesirable. It will help to define the direction for further educational work and to develop the best lines of the personality.
4. Circle each name or a small square (it is convenient to use different designations depending on a floor). Around a name of the member of the group having on observations, the greatest influence on group, draw a circle more; the one who has smaller influence will have the smallest circle.
5. Take a clean sheet of paper and draw a fat point in its center. Place circles of members of collective around the central point. At the same time is closer to the center arrange circles of those who have a great influence on collective, and members of the group enjoying smaller popularity, place further from the center.
6. Connect circles to names lines, having reflected communications between them. Note strong positive relationship the fat line, weak and unstable – a dotted line. On one end of the line draw the arrow showing on whose initiative relationship began. Lines also can meet shooters on both ends if both members of collective were initiators of the relations.
7. In the analysis of a sotsiogramma pay attention to presence of the steady microgroups united by positive communications. Try to allocate the leader of group (on number of positive communications) and to define what is the cornerstone of his authority (personal qualities, behavior forms and so on). If it is the leader with positive orientation, use his authority at the solution of the questions concerning all collective.
8. Do not lose sight also of those members of collective who keep aloof or have no steady relationship with companions at all. Try to pay to these people special attention and more actively to involve them in affairs of collective.