For certain everyone admired more than once a deductive method of Sherlock Holmes by means of which the created Conan Doylom the character untangled, appear, the most fruitless tasks. So it deduction?
The term "deduction" has Latin origin and is literally translated as "removal". In terms of logic deduction is a type of conclusion at which conclusions are made from the general to the particular. And, deduction always leads to the true, categorical conclusions. At the household level deduction is called the form of human thinking at which each new thought in a chain of reasonings is removed in the logical way, leaning on already facts in evidence, hypotheses or axioms. In philosophy the deduction is one of methods of scientific knowledge of the world. The induction method based on the movement of a thought from the particular to the general is opposite to deduction. Both of these methods of logic were developed by Ancient Greek wise men in their philosophical treatises. Deduction and induction as methods of scientific knowledge are strongly connected among themselves, as well as the analysis and synthesis. In logic they successfully complement each other, helping to come to the new truth.
The deductive method of Holmes is constructed on a chain of reasonings in which each link logically follows from another. At the beginning of each chapter the detective has information only on an overall picture of crime. Then he carefully gathers evidence, remembers the seen details then he draws a conclusion about private details of crime. Naturally, the most significant information obtained in the logical way is the name of the murderer. Except as in philosophy a deduction method, also as well as the induction method, is applied in other sciences, for example, in logic, economy, mathematics, physics, psychology, sociology, management, etc. For example, psychologists investigate various violations of dynamics of thinking of the person, and sociologists by means of deduction analyze the obtained data on society. Economists, using deduction, from the general economic theories come to the private facts.