Every year, when the summer heat falls down, days become shorter, and the amount of food decreases, most of feathery inhabitants of northern areas and a midland go to a long and dangerous travel to the South. Different types of birds make flights, various on range.
There are two theories explaining annual flying away of birds. It agrees the first, birds began to fly away from the habitual habitats in search of food after the climate of Earth changed. The second claims that they initially lived in tropical zones of the planet. And when they became too much, there was a gradual resettlement to northern areas. Because of winter cold weather constantly birds cannot live there. Any of the existing theories with complete certainty does not explain the reason of annual autumn flights. It is possible how it often happens, the truth somewhere in the middle. Absolutely it is clear only one – the congenital instinct is so strong that birds annually make a difficult and dangerous trip twice. So where birds fly away? In a midland the flying away of birds begins at the end of August – the beginning of September and drags on almost for two months. The first the cuckoo flies away. After it - martins and swallows. They, just as a gorikhvostka and a flycatcher, winter in a tropical zone of Africa. Cranes, ducks, and sandpipers - in Egypt. Flycatchers, hoopoes, nightingales, orioles – in the African savannas. There depart a korostel and dupel. Chaffinches, starlings, thrushes, wagtails, rooks fly to the southwest. They winter in Italy, Portugal, Spain and France. Snipes - in Transcaucasia and to the south. Geese winter on the Caspian Sea Coast and in the Crimea. A goose - a gumennik – in Germany and England. Woodcocks – in France and Ireland. Storks - in South Africa. River seagulls – on coast of the Black and Mediterranean seas. As you can see, the geography of winterings is wide and various. Little birds fly with a speed 30km/h, what is larger - to 100km/h and more. Autumn flight continues not one month. Some types during this time overcome more than ten thousand kilometers. And on range morwennols who fly to a wintering from the North Pole on Southern are considered as the champion. Range of flight of these birds is 40,000 km.