The Solar Power Stations (SPS) – a future power source. Eco-friendly, they can be constructed in not used territories of deserts. "Fuel" for them – absolutely free therefore costs of obtaining energy consist only of repair and service of stations. By the principle of action distinguish several types of power plants.
Instruction
1. In power plants of tower type the water which is at top of a tower 18-24 m high heats up under the influence of the sun. Steam which is formed at the same time the pump moves on the turbogenerator. That heating of water was more intensively, the tower is painted in black color, and on its perimeter heliostats – the mirrors which are automatically turning so that to concentrate sunshine on a tower are located.
2. Power plants with photo cells are the most widespread. Photo cells will transform solar radiation to electric energy. Directly at stations such elements have the big area and are located in the wide territory in number of several dozen or hundreds of plates. Besides, similar elements are established on buildings, providing with food both separate units, and the whole settlements.
3. Power plants work with parabolic concentrators by the principle of heating of the heat carrier passing on the pipeline in the center of a mirror parabola which is in turn intended for focusing of sunshine. As the heat carrier the special oil giving heat to water is used, as a rule. And steam which is formed of water also arrives on the turbogenerator.
4. A separate type of power plants with parabolic concentrators – the stations using the Stirlinga engine installed in mirror parabola focus. The lack of the krivoshipno-conrod mechanism in the Stirlinga engine allows to increase the efficiency of the station. As the heat carrier helium or hydrogen which, extending when heating, directly sets the motor piston in motion is used.
5. The combined solar power stations can produce at the same time hot water by means of concentrators and receive the electric power by means of photo cells. Hot water can be used both for water supply of houses, and for technical needs