The generator call the device transforming mechanical energy to electric. The principle of operation of the generator of alternating current is based on use of such phenomenon as electromagnetic induction.
Instruction
1. In the simplest generator of alternating current the ends of a frame of the conductor are attached to rings on which device brushes nestle. The external chain closes brushes through an electric bulb. The generator gives alternating current when the frame with rings rotates in magnetic field. Current changes the direction and size everyone to a half-turn, it is called single-phase.
2. In the equipment generators of three-phase current are considered as the most convenient for use. The design of the simplest three-phase generator includes three frames of wires, they are shifted on a rotation circle on 120 ° rather each other. Through everyone 120 ° a turn current changes the size and the direction. In comparison with a single-phase system, at three-phase there is a set of advantages. At the same power smaller costs of metal of an electrical wiring are necessary for it.
3. The electric magnet is the rotating part of the drive, its rotor, it gives the developed magnetic field to the stator. The stator call an external part of the device which consists of three coils with wires.
4. Tension is transmitted through rings and collector brushes. Rotor rings from copper rotate together with the crankshaft and the rotor, as a result of it brushes nestle on them. Brushes remain on the place, and the electrostream is transferred from motionless elements of the generator of alternating current to its rotating part.
5. The formed magnetic field rotates across the stator and makes the electrostreams which are carrying out accumulator charging. For transfer of an impulse from the generator to the accumulator the diode bridge is in addition used, it have in a back part of the car. The diode possesses two contacts, through them there passes current in one direction, the bridge usually consists of ten such details.
6. Diodes divide into two groups — the main and additional. The first are applied to straightening of tension, they are attached to stator conclusions. The second direct power to the regulator of tension and the lamp controlling charging which is necessary to watch serviceability of the drive.
7. Generators divide into low-power and high-power, depending on the energy developed by them. Low-power generators of alternating current are most often used in life as reserve power supply.