Today many people who even do not have the corresponding education use achievements of psychology: study councils for education of children, attend the lectures of scientists devoted to establishing relationship, look for themselves and the place in the world by means of the books written by the famous psychologists. Campaigns to the psychoanalyst already stopped being a rarity. Long since interested people as the human mentality is arranged, and over time this interest developed into science.
Instruction
1. Rudiments of psychology can be found in Ancient Greece. Many philosophers reflected over why one person behaves so, and another – differently why people react in a certain way to any events. Theories were under construction various. Platon expressed opinion that soul of the person till the birth stayed in the highest world where comprehended the mysteries of the universe, and having got into a human body, is capable to restore only separate episodes, and, at all different. Hippocrates had a hypothesis that the temperament of the person depends on what liquid prevails in his organism: blood, bile, slime or black bile (today it is supposed that the Ancient Greek doctor meant the brown bile emitted at some diseases). But all these theories were still very far from science.
2. The term "psychology" arose in the 16th century from the Greek words "science" and "soul". There was it at merge of such fields of knowledge as philosophy and natural sciences. Till this time the people's psychology was studied only in the context of religion. The term was created by Rudolf Goklenius, and his pupil Otton Kasman wrote a series of works in which the psychology and somatology of the person was separately studied.
3. The 19th century became the most important for psychology. It gradually separated from medicine, philosophy, the exact sciences, having become an independent subject. The best-known names of that time is the Hermann Helmholtz investigating nervous system as fundamentals of mentality, Ernst Weber who was engaged in dependence of intensity of feelings on the caused their incentives and also Helmholtz's pupil Wilhelm Wundt who opened the first-ever psychological laboratory. This event took place in 1879. This year is also considered year of birth of such science as psychology. And the scientists working in the 20th century considerably developed and deepened already knowledge of people's psychology and also made a set of the discoveries shedding light on behavior of people.