Birthday of the Internet it is considered to be on September 29, 1969 when between two to knots of ARPANET network, located at distance of 640 km from each other connection was established. However the project manager of ARPANET Bob Taylor claims that the network created by request of the U.S. Department of Defense also close did not resemble the Internet.
Instruction
1. First, it is necessary to be defined what characteristics a certain event that it could be considered the beginning of the Internet has to have. So: - the Internet is a network of networks, that is connection has to happen between networks; - at the same time direct link has to will be established between separate computers; - the Internet means communication of people with each other; - the Internet is not the theory, this actual event. Several theories of emergence of the Internet answer all these parameters, but official date - is not present on October 29, 1969.
2. The most part of researchers considers that it is possible to speak about emergence of the Internet since that moment when it was developed and the protocol of data transmission TCP/IP which is a basis of all modern networks is for the first time applied. This protocol was drafted in the early seventies in California by group of scientists under the leadership of Steve Crocker. The most famous developer of this Vinton Serf protocol. The protocol was for the first time tested in the middle of 1975, several computer networks of various institutes then, and not only American, were united in one network.
3. Other theory says that the Internet appeared not thanks to development of computer networks, but thanks to telecommunication companies which developed a number of technologies and provided infrastructure for the Internet. So, the AT & T Bell Labs telecommunication company developed the UNIX operating system which became the main server rule, language C in which all first Internet-applications were written, at last, this company in 1962 transferred the first digital messages.
4. Some consider that the Internet is not protocols of data transmission, and not telecommunications are applications which allow users of computers to communicate. According to this theory it is possible to consider that the Internet originates in Ray Tomlinson's invention of 1972. He invented e-mail, having thought up a way of sending electronic messages between different computers. Tomlinson suggested to use the sign @ as designation of sending the message.
5. One more theory says that the first Internet arose in 1975 when the ARPANET network and Ethernet network developed in laboratories of the Xerox company were joint. And connection was carried out by means of the PUP protocol which is also drafted by Xerox.
6. Thus, it is impossible to call one inventor of the Internet and it is impossible to designate exact date when the Internet appeared. The history of the Internet is not history of telecommunications, applications, protocols, it is history of an era of information technology development to which creation the great number of scientists and programmers laid a hand.