Special devices are necessary for measurement of a background of radioactive radiation and definition of existence of rigid ionizing radiation. The simplest Geiger counter – Müller can be assembled by the hands. It will not be able to define exact quantitative values of radiation, but emergence near a source of rigid ionizing radiation will define.
It is required to you
- the SBT9 sensor, the KT630B transistor, resistors on 24 kOhm and 7.5 my, 2 electrolytic condensers, 470 microfarads on 16 Volts and 2.2 microfarads on 16 Volts. Also will be required the condenser with a capacity of 2200 picofarads on voltage not less than 1 kilovolt and 2 KD102A diodes. As the power supply it is possible to use any battery on 9 Volts. For the alarm system the flat piezoceramic emitter from a children's toy or phone – tubes is used.
Instruction
1. A basis ishigh-voltageof the counter the generator developing impulses of alternating current with a frequency about 100 Hz and with an amplitude of 360 Volts. To a high-voltage part of the generator consistently with the sensor of radiation the piezoceramic emitter signaling click registration of passing of each radioactive particle via the counter sensor is switched on. Collect the counter according to the scheme:
2. The most difficult part of this counter – the pulse transformer. Reel up the transformer on an armored magnetic conductor from brand 2000HM ferrite. A round to a round reel up a secondary winding a wire with a diameter of 0.08 mm 3 layers on 180 rounds, (to exclude mezhvitkovy test). For primary winding reel up 13 rounds, make branch from the upper edge on the 5th round.
3. The transistor specified in the scheme is developed especially for use in schemes with a key operating mode. Losses of the transistor are insignificant so install a radiator of air cooling no more than 5 cm2 on this transistor. During production carefully check correctness of assembly of the scheme.
4. If it is too difficult to assemble the above device for you, then it is possible to be limited to simpler model of the Geiger counter. For this purpose, just take the starter used in luminescent pampa and connect it to power supply network 220B consistently with the 15 watts glow lamp. It is possible to call this device the simplest Geiger counter. To estimate level a beta and scale of radiation, count the number of flashes of a lamp in a minute. The number of flashes will be in proportion to radiation level. If there is an opportunity to get the real Geiger counter for small time, then measure by it radiation level. At the same time count the number of flashes of the self-made device. Then divide meter readings into the number of flashes of a lamp in a minute. Write down the received number. Now, having counted the number of flashes in a minute and having increased it by this number, you receive value of radiation level.