Chloride of sodium (NaCl) is usual, all familiar table salt which is eaten. Substance is perfectly dissolved in water and has salty taste. Considering that solution transparent, at loss of the label from a bottle in which there was a chemical compound there is a task to define what is in it. For this purpose there are high-quality reactions after which carrying out it is possible to obtain reliable information confirming or disproving existence of chemical compound.
It is required to you
- Test tube, spirit-lamp or torch, silver nitrate (lyapis), delay in an eyelet.
Instruction
1. Chloride of sodium (NaCl) consists of a positively charged ion of sodium and an ion of chlorine with a negative charge. And therefore it is necessary to carry out consistently two high-quality reactions to the ions making salt. For this purpose the delay in an eyelet, a torch or a spirit-lamp, silver nitrate (lyapis), the studied solution, a test tube is required.
2. High-quality reaction to a sodium ion. To define that the sodium ion is a part, it is necessary to make laboratory trial. Take a copper delay, curtail an eyelet with a diameter up to 10 mm on one end, burn it on a flame of a torch or a spirit-lamp (if in house conditions, then on a ring flame). After it becomes covered by a black raid, lower it in estimated solution of chloride of sodium and then bring in a flame. In process of evaporation of substance the change of coloring of a flame which will gain bright yellow color will be observed. It confirms existence of an ion of the chlorine which is a part of table salt.
3. It is possible to repeat experiment a little differently. For this purpose take blotting paper (or usual), lower in the studied solution and after drying bring in a flame. Coloring of a flame in yellow color will also demonstrate presence of ions of sodium.
4. High-quality reaction to chlorine ions. Take silver nitrate solution (if it is absent, then it is possible to replace lyapisy which is on sale in pharmacy) and flow in a test tube with sodium chloride. Instantly the deposit of chloride of silver of characteristic white color will drop out. This reaction demonstrates existence in solution of ions of chlorine.
5. When performing experiments surely you observe safety measures. Careless handling of heating devices is fraught with the fire. At insufficiently accurate carrying out experience, nitrate of silver can get on a surface of a table, a hand and clothes. If escape punishment of a spot after updating of the upper layer of the skin, then from things and objects after experiments of a spot it will not be possible to remove any more.