Fats or lipids represent organic compounds. Their main components are triglycerides which in use often call fat and also lipoidny substances (phospholipids, sterols, etc.). Fats happen plant and animal origin.
Instruction
1. Vegetable and animal fats have various physical properties and structure. It is easy to distinguish them from each other on appearance. Animal fats are solid substances whereas vegetable lipids represent fluid oils. The exception makes cod-liver oil which is in liquid state.
2. Pay attention to structure. Animal fats contain a large amount of the saturated fatty acids melting at high temperatures. At vegetable lipids mostly there are nonsaturated fatty acids with a low temperature of melting.
3. Fats differ also on the origin. Sources of vegetable fats are vegetable oils at which there are 99.9% of fat. Vegetable fats contain also in nuts where concentration of lipids makes from 53 to 65%, in oat (6.9%) and buckwheat (3.3%) grain. As sources of animal lipids are considered the pork salted pork fat containing 90-92% of fat, pork where its contents is close to 50%, sausages, etc. As suppliers of digestible fats serve butter (70 - 82%), sour cream (30%) and cheeses (15 — 30%).
4. Show consideration for the fact that the saturated and nonsaturated acids which are contained in fats are differently used by a human body. Sated, for example, stearin or palmitic, are necessary for it, first of all, as power material. These acids mostly are present at animal fats, for example, pork and beef. Here it is important to consider that the excess of saturated fatty acids provokes a metabolic disorder and leads to increase in level of cholesterol.
5. Unlike animal lipids, vegetable oils are rich with nonsaturated fatty acids which are very easily acquired by an organism and, moreover, promote removal from it of excess cholesterol.
6. In vegetable oils there is much more F vitamin necessary for a human body. The deficiency its most seriously affects a condition of a mucous membrane of digestive tract. At the constant shortage of this vitamin of people can ache with various vascular diseases: from atherosclerosis to a heart attack. Besides, there is the general easing of immunity and numerous chronic diseases develop.