The fire - the terrible phenomenon which claims many lives and forces to suffer. People try to avoid it, thinking out various ways of repayment of the centers at an initial stage of ignition. One of means of fight – the fire extinguisher.
Instruction
1. Fire extinguishers are the special devices intended for repayment of seats of fire at an initial stage of their development. In large scales the fire extinguisher is not used. History of its invention is happy is interesting. The prototype of the fire extinguisher began to be used extensively at the beginning of the XVIII century. Then along with shovels and the earth began to apply wood barrels in which there was water and alum, on a cover of a barrel there was a match. Set fire to this match and threw to the seat of fire where all this design blew up and by that there was a full or partial suppression of fire.
2. There was other modification of the fire extinguisher representing the paper box containing sodium hydrocarbonate mix with alum, ammonium sulfate, kieselguhr and other substances a little later. In this device there was a boss with gunpowder and a cord. At fire emergence set fire to a cord, previously having removed a protective film, further the device was thrown into the burning room. In several seconds there was an explosion, contents extended about the room and the fire stopped. But in view of their danger these fire extinguishers were forbidden.
3. The first liquid fire extinguishers with steel barrels began to appear at the beginning of the XX century. On an external wall there were barrels with air or carbon dioxide. When placing in a flame the fire extinguishing structures were forced out from the case and by that extinguished fire.
4. Englishman George Mensbi is considered the father inventor of the modern fire extinguisher, he thought up a steel vessel with carbonic potassium in 1813. The inventor replaced liquids with the powdery weight which blocked oxygen access, liquidating a possibility of burning. Unlike early models, this fire extinguisher did not need to be blown up, powder in a flask was under pressure. Mensbi delivered the first on the device the locking crane, turning which and there was an emission of contents of the fire extinguisher.
5. After war began to develop actively powder types of fire extinguishers, and on some of them industrial production was started. Mass production of powder fire extinguishers began to develop in the 60th years of the XX century. Fire extinguishing substance always is in such devices under pressure.
6. Substances which were applied in development of fire extinguishers were the most various - it is also freon, and brometit, and carbon dioxide. These substances became a basis for fast suppression which are applied presently.