Some still with shudder remember school lessons of chemistry at which it was necessary to make structural formulas of hydrocarbons and their isomers. And meanwhile, there is nothing superdifficult in it. It is enough to be guided by drawing up formulas by a certain algorithm.
Instruction
1. Get acquainted with a molecular formula of hydrocarbon. Proceeding from it, make a formula at first of an unbranched carbon skeleton (carbon chain).
2. Over each atom of carbon inscribe its serial number.
3. Further place hydrogen atoms in a chain. Do not forget: carbon chetyrekhvalenten.
4. Reduce a carbon chain by one atom. Arrange it as a side branch of a carbon chain. Do not forget that atoms which are located at extreme atoms of a chain cannot be side branches.
5. Define to what edge the side branch is closer. Number anew a carbon chain, since this edge. Place hydrogen atoms according to carbon valency.
6. Define whether it is possible to have a side branch at other atoms of carbon in a chain. In case of positive conclusions make formulas of isomers. If such opportunity is absent, reduce the main carbon chain by atom and arrange it as one more side branch. Pay attention: near one atom of carbon it is possible to have no more than 2 side branches.
7. Place serial numbers over carbon atoms from that edge to which the side branch most closer is located. Arrange near each atom hydrogen atoms taking into account carbon valency.
8. Again check whether there is an opportunity to arrange side branches at other atoms of carbon in the main chain. If such opportunity exists, then make formulas of possible isomers if is not present - reduce a carbon chain by atom and arrange it as a side branch. Now number all chain of atoms and again try to make formulas of isomers. In case already two side branches are on identical removal from edges of a chain, begin numbering with edge which has more side branches.
9. Continue to perform these operations until you exhaust all opportunities for arrangement of side branches.