Copper chloride – chemical compound which belongs to group of salts. This soluble substance which depending on concentration has a different shade – from saturated green to dark blue-light blue. In laboratory during practical work, chloride of copper (II) can be received, using various methods.
It is required to you
- Reactants, support with test tubes
Instruction
1. Someone can consider that the easiest way of receiving chloride of copper (II) is interaction of metal with hydrochloric acid. However in practice it not so because there is a rule according to which with the diluted acids only the metals standing in an electrochemical number of tension of metals to hydrogen react. Copper in this case costs after hydrogen, and therefore reaction does not go.
2. Copper + chlorine = chloride of copper (II). In interaction of metal copper with chlorine only one substance – chloride of copper (II) is formed, therefore, it is connection reaction. For experience heat a copper delay on a flame of a torch and bring in a vessel with chlorine, having at the bottom a small amount of water. There is an impassioned reaction of formation of salt which is dissolved in water.
3. Copper + soluble salt = other metal + other salt. This reaction goes not with each soluble salt. It is necessary to be guided by electrochemical series of metals. Only with those salts the reaction which part the metal standing among later copper is will go. It is possible to carry to such metals mercury, silver and others. That is in this case the rule is followed – in an electrochemical row each previous metal forces out the subsequent from salt.
4. Copper oxide + hydrochloric acid = chloride of copper (II) + water. For receiving salt take a test tube, pour in it on one third of hydrochloric acid, place oxide of copper (II) (powder of black color) and heat on a spirit-lamp flame. As a result of reaction, solution of green color (in case of the concentrated salt) or dark blue-light blue is formed.
5. Hydroxide of copper (II) + hydrochloric acid = chloride of copper (II) + water. Otherwise such chemical interaction is called neutralization reaction. Hydroxide of copper (II) represents a deposit of blue color. To freshly cooked substance (hydroxide of copper (II)) flow a little hydrochloric acid, and the deposit will be dissolved, forming solution of chloride of copper (II) of dark blue-light blue color.
6. Carbonate of copper (II) + hydrochloric acid = chloride of copper (II) + carbon dioxide + water. Take a copper carbonate which represents white crystal substance with a greenish shade, and bring its small amount in a test tube with hydrochloric acid. Boiling up due to release of carbon dioxide will be observed, and solution will get dark blue-light blue coloring due to formation of chloride of copper (II).