The alcohol used in life is known as ethanol. However liquid which is result of process of spirit fermentation contains ethanol and water. To separate alcohol from water it is possible to use distillation process.
It is required to you
- - distillation flask;
- - support;
- - Bunsen burner;
- - thermometer;
- - fractional column;
- - Libikh's condenser;
- - potassium carbonate;
- - conic flask;
- - gas source with the crane;
- - rubber hose;
- - matches
Instruction
1. Fill in mix of alcohol and water in a distillation flask which, as a rule, glass with a round bottom. Install a flask on a support over the Bunsen burner. For receiving an open flame in the Bunsen burner gas is used.
2. Attach the direct end of a fractional column to an opening of a distillation flask so that thinner curved end of a fractional column was directed down. Insert the thermometer into the top part of a column. It is necessary for control of temperature of process which should not exceed 73.3 degrees Celsius.
3. Connect Libikh's condenser to the thin, curved end of a fractional column. The condenser will begin to cool couples up to the temperature of their point of transition to liquid state.
4. Place a potassium carbonate in an open exhaust outlet of the condenser of Libikh. The carbonate of potassium will absorb all water passing through the condenser.
5. Put a conic flask under an exhaust outlet of the condenser of Libikh. In this flask the alcohol separated from initial mix of liquids will gather.
6. Connect a torch to a gas source, having fixed one end of a rubber tube by screws to the gas supply crane, and another – to the Bunsen burner. Turn a ring in the lower part of a torch "Is included" in situation. Include a gas source, turning a nozzle so that it appeared parallel to a rubber tube.
7. Light a match and set fire to gas. Adjust intensity and height of a flame, turning a ring on a torch before receiving a flame of blue color. The flame will heat mix of alcohol and water, beginning distillation process.
8. The liquid accumulating in a conic flask will be 95% ethanol solution (or alcohol). Continue process until release of liquid from the condenser stops.