When studying genetics much attention is paid to tasks which solution has to be found with use of laws of inheritance of genes. To the majority of the tasks in genetics studying natural sciences the decision it seems to one of the most difficult things in biology. Nevertheless, it is on a simple algorithm.
It is required to you
- - textbook.
Instruction
1. For a start attentively read a task and write down a short schematical condition, using special symbols. Designate what genotypes parents and to what it there corresponds the phenotype possess. Write down what children in the first and second generations left.
2. Note what gene is prepotent and what – recessive if it is in a condition. If in a task the splitting is given, also specify it in schematical record. For simple tasks in genetics sometimes rather correct to write down a condition to understand the solution of a task.
3. Start the decision. Write down once again the happened crossing: the genotypes of parents formed gametes and genotypes (or estimated genotypes) children.
4. For the successful solution of a task you need to understand to what section it belongs: monohybrid, dihybrid or polyhybrid crossing, the inheritance linked to a floor or sign is inherited in interaction of genes. For this purpose consider what splitting of a genotype or phenotype is observed in posterity in the first generation. In a condition the exact quantity of individuals with each genotype either a phenotype, or percent of each genotype (phenotype) from total number can be specified. These data need to be provided to prime numbers.
5. Pay attention whether differs at posterity signs depending on a floor.
6. To each type of crossing the special splitting on a genotype and a phenotype is characteristic. All these data contain in the textbook, and it will be convenient to you to write out these formulas on a separate leaf and to use them at the solution of tasks.
7. Now, when you found splitting by which principle there is a transfer of hereditary signs in your task, you can learn genotypes and phenotypes of all individuals in posterity and also genotypes and phenotypes of the parents participating in crossing.
8. Write down the obtained data in reply.