Hydrolysis of salt is its interaction with water therefore weak electrolyte is formed. The name of process of hydrolysis, in translation from Greek, means "decomposition by water". Hydrolysis can both be strengthened, and to weaken, by external influence. How it can be reached?
Instruction
1. One of the fundamental rules concerning course of chemical reactions, "Le Chatelie's principle" says that at the exothermic reaction (going with allocation of heat), temperature increase interferes with its course, and at endothermic (going with absorption of heat) – opposite, promotes. Hydrolysis is endothermic reaction. Therefore, if you increase solution temperature, it will proceed easier and more stoutly. On the contrary, if you lower solution temperature, it will be weakened.
2. The concentration of the salt which is exposed to hydrolysis the more slowly is higher and more difficultly it goes. That is, if you want to weaken hydrolysis, add a new portion of salt to solution. Respectively, if you want to strengthen hydrolysis, reduce its concentration.
3. If as a result of hydrolysis one of its products drops out in a deposit (that is slightly soluble connection is formed), or turns into gas, hydrolysis proceeds up to the end. In other words, to strong hydrolysis there corresponds removal at least of one product from a reactionary zone. As hydrolysis – one of types of chemical reactions, and this rule belongs to all reactions without exception.
4. An effective method of strengthening of hydrolysis – a way of "mutual strengthening". Its essence is that when mixing solutions of two slightly hydrolyzed salts, one of which is formed by weak acid and the strong basis, and another – strong acid and the weak basis, occurs binding appeared in one solution hydrogen ions and a hydroxyl ions. As a result, according to the above-mentioned principle of Le Chatelie, "joint" hydrolysis proceeds almost completely.