What is salt, different people will answer differently. So, the chemist will tell that this chemical compound, result of interaction of alkali and acid – chloride sodium (NaCl). The mineralogist will explain that salt is, first of all, a fruit of the geological processes happening over centuries. The culinary specialist will say that salt is an indispensable component of many dishes without which food will be fresh and tasteless. And each of these people will be in own way right.
Instruction
1. Minerals of salt were formed in ancient sea lagoons more than 250 million years ago. Their deposits ripening in a bosom of Earth and stretching for many hundreds of kilometers are age-mates of the Permian Period. During geological formation of our planet these minerals which kind of are "squeezed out" by rocks formed salt columns – diapirs. They filled with themselves tectonic cracks, accrued and gradually reached the Earth's surface. The earth crust burst, salts spread and formed glaciers – salt glaciers. According to scientists, minerals of rock salt could be formed also in craters of volcanoes.
2. Types of the extracted salt depending on origin: - stone – from natural deposits; - sadochny – from a bottom of salt lakes; - vacuum – received from brines (from waters of the seas, lakes, oceans).
3. Types of food salt: - stone and cooking (these are two options of the same product: rock salt call clarified crude naturprodukt, and boiled – the rock salt purified in the industrial way); - iodated (it is made by addition in table salt of a certain amount of iodate of potassium); - extra (it is pure chloride of sodium, all additional minerals are destroyed in the course of evaporation from it of water and when cleaning with soda); - sea (the salt enriched with minerals extremely useful to consumption); - black (the natural crude salt rich with iodine, iron, potassium, sulfur, etc., is a little popular in a type of the high price and unpleasant taste); - dietary (with the reduced content of sodium, but with addition of magnesium and potassium – minerals which role in work of heart and vessels it is difficult to overestimate).
4. Salt – very demanded mineral. Experts counted 14 thousand options of its use. So, sea salt is widely used in cosmetics, and stone – in production of glass, soap, paper, plastic and tanning of skin. In chemical industry salt is applied to receiving soda, plaster, a caustic soda and so forth. The tableted salt is used in the systems of water purification, and the fodder bricketed table salt is added as one of components to compound feeds and biovitamin supplements and included in a diet of the cattle, fur animals, birds. Salt in oil and gas and metallurgical industry, etc., etc. is widely applied.
5. There are International requirements to quality of salt. They are regulated by the Food Code (CodexAlimentarius).