The most valuable knowledge of substances, connections, elements which surround the person and is a part of his organism, the science chemistry bears. The chemistry studies acids and salts, their stability by Wednesdays, education and so forth.
Acids and salts belong to the complex substances different by origin.
Salts
Salts are substances which are formed during reaction of acid with the basis, at this process water is inevitably emitted.
The most part of the known salts is formed by interaction of substances with opposite properties. Enters such reaction: - metal and nonmetal, - metal and acid, - the main oxide and acid,
- the basis and acid, - other elements.
Reaction of salt and acid also gives salt. There is also other definition of salts which comes down to the instruction on complexity of substance and its dissociation on cations and anions of the acid remains. Salts are subdivided into three main types: sour, average and the main. Sour salts arise at excess of acid, they replace hydrogen cations in acids on cations of metals only a little. The main salts are a product of partial replacement of the basis with the acid remains. And here average salts replace all positive charges of hydrogen in acid molecules on charges, or as correctly speak, metal cations. Salts which in the name have the hydra-prefix are sour, the digital indicator reflects amount of atoms of hydrogen. The hydrocSR-prefix appears in the name of the main salts. Some classes of salts have own name, for example, it is alum.
Acids
Acids are complex substances which consist of atoms of hydrogen and the acid rest. All acids are electrolytes. Acids are classified by three main signs: solubility, availability of oxygen in the acid rest and number of atoms of hydrogen. Respectively on solubility of acid are divided into soluble, insoluble and other reactions. The number of atoms of hydrogen can fluctuate depending on what acids can be as monobasic and bibasic, and the three-main. With availability of oxygen everything is simple: acid rest either oxygen, or oxygen-free. Acids contain in the basis or one, or several atoms of hydrogen and the acid rest. Thanks to characteristic properties of acid began to be applied widely in medicine, the industry and in life. Types of acid substances great variety: lemon, boric, dairy and salicylic are most of all used in everyday life. For example, the boric acid belonging to the class of weak acids has a powder appearance with the crystal building. It is best of all dissolved in hot water or in special salt solutions. In the environment, boric acid can be met in mineral waters or hot springs.