The blood system of the person penetrates all organism from the top and to heels. Its center or how often call, "motor" is heart which at each blow throws out the most significant biological liquid in an artery. This liquid presses on vascular walls with a certain force. This force is also understood as blood pressure and is important characteristic feature of vital activity, such biological marker with two parameters. What means pressure top and lower - it will be told in this article.
What means the top and lower arterial blood pressure?
As heart is responsible for work of a blood system and its reductions provide blood emission, needless to say, that the location of a vessel will be closer to a cardiac muscle, the value in it will be higher than arterial blood pressure. The farthest and small capillaries practically do not feel blood emission therefore indicators HELL in them are very small. For definition of an average value of pressure in an organism the place around a humeral artery was chosen. It is most available to measurement, and its remoteness from heart gives the grounds to use the obtained data as the general average.
Being interested that designates the lower and top pressure, it is worth understanding function of main "motor" of an organism better. Force with which heart throws out blood in an aorta call the systolic pressure, that is the tonometer, top at definition of this indicator. Force with which vascular walls resist the movement of blood call the diastolic pressure, that is the special device, lower at definition of an indicator.
What shows the top and lower pressure?
The top systolic pressure shows the frequency of reductions of heart and force of these reductions. The more often main "motor" fights, the parameter of systolic pressure is higher. At the same time the top pressure is formed by not only a cardiac muscle, but also large arteries, such as aorta.
Take part in formation of the top pressure:
- shock volume of the left ventricle;
- greatest possible speed of emission of blood;
- frequency of warm reductions;
- degree of extensibility of a cover of an aorta.
The lower diastolic pressure is observed when a cardiac muscle – the diastole relaxes. It is determined by such physiological and anatomic factors as:
- level of passability of arteries on the periphery;
- frequency of pulsations;
- elastic properties of a cover of vessels.
Norm of a difference between the top and lower pressure
Now it is clear what is meant by indicators of the top and lower pressure of the person. But what norm defined in a humeral artery? Are considered as indicators as it 120 on 80 mm Hg. However, a lot of things depend on an emotional condition of the person, the nature of food, existence of addictions, ambient temperature, physical activities, etc. At young people the normal pressure of blood in arteries can be lower than norm, and at elderly – above.
Each person is individual, and therefore pressure at him can differ from the established norm. In medicine there is such term as "operating pressure". These are those indicators at which the person well feels, without feeling any discomfort. However, at excess of a threshold for young people in 140/90 mm Hg., it is already possible to talk about development of a hypertension.
It is very important to notice its first signs in time and to take steps for decrease HELL, for example, to refuse tobacco and alcohol, to reconsider food, physical activities, etc. As the neglected hypertension can provoke irreversible changes in an organism to accompany other serious illnesses in addition. Hypotonia too significantly worsens quality of human life, reducing working capacity, speed of reactions and so forth. Can tell a small gap between the top and lower pressure about its beginning. It means that heart poorly pumps blood and it is necessary to increase the frequency of its reductions.
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