Since the most ancient times to this day, people successfully are engaged in maintenance and cultivation of bees. Beekeeping – occupation at all not a lung as can seem from outside. In this case a lot of time and physical efforts is required, besides, big knowledge of the correct leaving and keeping of bees is necessary. The beginning bee-keeper needs to master all subtleties, features and methods of cultivation of bees. Beekeepings can be disappointed in business only indifferent or lazy people and also the people having an allergy to bee sting.
It is required to you
- - Beehives,
- - bees,
- - equipment,
- - framework.
Instruction
1. First of all it is necessary to buy bees. The beginning bee-keeper buys beehives and several bee families. If you have free beehives with a framework, then it is possible to get several swarms or package bees who are rather zoned in this area. Sang for purchase in beehives better to invite quite experienced bee-keeper who will be able to look and define quality of sot and a uterus, quantity of fodder stocks and bees. It is desirable to buy bees in the spring or at the beginning of summer when in their families is available rasplod different age. It is worth paying attention to that the young uterus laid eggs circles, doing not pass any cell. If rasplod dazzles with gaps or trutnevy convex cells, it speaks about a uterus old age. If there are white, mummified larvae in cells, then it is symptom of a disease.
2. The forage stock in a nest has to make not less than four kilograms. Bee families have to occupy about 5-7 frames at this time. During purchase choose families in standard beehives with light, clean cells. It is necessary to transport bees at night when already ended years of bees, and letka closed. Try to buy bees in a radius of 2-3 km, in order to avoid a meeting of working bees on the old place.
3. For the beginning beekeeper it is better to choose 12-16 frame beehives with extensions or a beehive plank bed on 20 frames, further it is possible to master cultivation of bees in multicase beehives which have 3 cases on 10 frames. And each beekeeper has to have several spare beehives to replace in them the wintered bee families. Beehives after bees wash, disinfected and used for swarms, layers or stored till next spring.
4. The framework which is in beehives has to have the exact and certain sizes. The distance between side levels and walls of a beehive has to make 7 mm, at more bigger distance, bees can build up this space with cells, and at smaller - can paste a framework with a beehive. At survey of bee families, it is necessary to scrape off periodically propolis from dividers on a framework. It will allow to collect a valuable product of beekeeping and to contain a framework in the normal state.
5. In autumn and a springtime the beekeeper carries out fertilizing of bees by sugar syrup if in nests the stern is not enough. But if there is discarded framework with honey, then it is possible to unpack them and to put in beehives of weak families from edge of a nest. Bees will begin to take away quickly honey, cleaning completely a framework. Honey much quicker than sugar syrup will allow weak family to gain strength and to be prepared for a medosbor.
6. During fertilizing of bees sugar syrup consider that they also need food with protein content. Therefore sugar syrup can be enriched with protein. As fertilizing it is possible to use beer yeast, milk or soy flour. For preparation of sugar and dairy syrup it is necessary to take 1.5 kg of sugar and 800 ml of water, to weld syrup and to cool. To pour in 200 g of milk.
7. Beer yeast contains minerals, vitamins and digestible protein. Prepare standard sugar syrup, cool and add yeast (12 g on 1 liter of syrup), carefully stir.
8. Regularly provide bees with fresh and clear water. For this purpose on an apiary put a plate with sawdust in which it is daily necessary to pour water. Once a week it is necessary to change sawdust and to wash a plate. It is necessary to put a drinking bowl since early spring after spring flight of bees, otherwise they will manage to get used to other source of water and will ignore a drinking bowl.
9. It is desirable to examine bee families in warm windless days. At this time bees are busy and quietly react to intervention in their life. It is better to examine Bezmatochny families in the latest turn as these bees usually very angry and can interfere with further work on an apiary. In operating time with bees uzhaleniye are possible, it is better to think of equipment in advance.