The parrot cannot be mixed with other bird. However, can do it only it seems because they are found, mostly, in tropical and subtropical zones of the Southern hemisphere. Now there are about 330 bird species of family of the popugayeobrazny, representing a huge variety sizes, colourings and habitats. For Europeans they – exotic. Parrots are often kept in house conditions as many large types are very colourful, and some "are quite talkative". The question why parrots talk, is a subject of disputes of scientists.
Instruction
1. The nature allocated parrots with unusual abilities – they can teach to be said, or as it still considers overwhelming number of scientists, it is surprising to reproduce heard precisely. Parrots have no vocal chords as at the person, but they have a so-called forked trachea. Sounds are formed at an exit of a trachea, and their variety depends on its form and depth of pass of sound vibrations. Actually it means that parrots do not speak, in habitual sense of the word, and whistle.
2. Some consider that "bird's language" is similar to human. Sounds of the human speech, to a greater or lesser extent, are peculiar to parrots by nature - it is similarity and is the reason of brilliant colloquial abilities of some types.
3. The vast majority of scientists considers what birds tell purely mechanically, just repeating the heard sounds. And it turns out at them because language at parrots, is similar to human – it is rather big and thick. In reply it is possible to object that at some birds this body have other building, but them it is possible to teach to pronounce at least several words too. On the other hand, at some birds of prey – a hawk, a falcon, the structure of language is similar to the structure of this body at parrots, but they do not speak.
4. However, none of scientists seriously were engaged in studying intelligence of parrots. The first American Irène Pepperberg undertook it. Iren studies two gray African parrots. On the basis of long-term observations she drew a conclusion on surprisingly high I.Q. of these birds. The community of the person and two parrots disproves a statement more and more successfully that only to the person it is allowed to think abstractly and to communicate with each other.
5. Iren claims that her parrots not just repeat the learned words. For example, the parrot Alex distinguishes 7 flowers, 5 forms of objects, operates with concepts "more", "less", "identical" and "different", counts up to 6, knows names of 50 objects.
6. Nobody can precisely tell yet how parrots speak – mechanically reproduce sounds or think abstractly as people. In the interview to the New Sayentist magazine Iren Pepperberg told: "On emotional development the parrots are similar to the spoiled two-year-old children, but in intellectual development Alex went much further. He somewhere about a chimpanzee and dolphins, is able to do the same, as they. It is surprising. Chimpanzees genetically for 98.5% are similar to people, but birds in evolutionary sense are absolutely in other party".
7. Really, it is surprising, unclear and excitingly - people, perhaps, found amazing abilities in familiar for a long time to them beings. Whether Alex consciously how the person speaks? Whether he thinks? So far nobody knows it. But, as professor of psychology of the Pennsylvanian university Robert Seyfart told: "Something at it in the head obviously occurs. But whether he thinks actually? Until people thought up words better - why and is not present".