In the nature the set of tasty and fragrant berries grows. They are loved by adults and children. Hostesses cook from them jam, preserve, dry, do juice. But there are also inedible berries capable at best to do a little harm to health, and in the worst – to become the reason of a lethal outcome. It is useful to know how they look and what danger in themselves is concealed.
Elder
Elder red is a bush from 2nd to 3.5 m high. Openwork krone, leaves have a bright green color, berries round, small, red, very attractive by sight, are collected in dense brushes. They are poisonous for people though birds eat them without any harm for themselves. The head can intolerably hurt the person after the use even of small amount of elder red, open vomiting, consciousness shutdown is possible.
At poisoning with berries of elder red it is necessary to see a doctor or if health not really bad, independently to wash out a stomach, having drunk a large amount of water and having caused vomiting.
Also elder grassy which in the people is called smelly elder meets in the nature. Berries represent small black stone fruit with 3-4 stones and bright red juice. At the use even of insignificant quantity of fruits of people feels a headache and dizziness, weakness, belly-ache, irritation in a throat. Then vomiting opens, spasms are possible. In blood substance oxyhemoglobin accumulates owing to what mucous get a blue shade. If not to render to the person the timely help, there can come death from respiratory standstill.
Lily of the valley
The advantage of this plant, so is how high and the risk of poisoning with its berries is high. Extremely beautiful, bright red or orange, they draw attention to themselves. But once you eat only several pieces, already in a few minutes there comes the intolerable headache, noise in ears appears, pulse becomes rare, pupils are sharply narrowed. Spasms are possible. Urgent medical care is necessary.
Nightshade
Distinguish a garden huckleberry and a bittersweet. The garden huckleberry is poisonous only during a maturing time, and here its ripe fruits don't contain dangerous poisonous connections any more and in principle become not poisonous. In age-old times even did a stuffing for pies of them. Can have this appearance of a nightshade during a time of an absolute maturity both black, and green berries. The bittersweet which berries have red coloring, oblong shape and are reminded by very beautiful small tomatoes, is inedible during any period. Also its leaves are poisonous. The plant contains poisonous pitch and коккогнин, defiant severe poisonings. But the glycoside дулкамарин – substance which works similar to atropine is especially dangerous to the person, i.e. causes violations in work of heart, respiratory and the central nervous system. A lethal dose – 15-20 berries.
At poisoning with a nightshade the person of cold water (it is desirable with ice) should allow to drink, to cause vomiting then to feed a liquid broth of a linen seed. And as soon as possible to take to hospital.
Vorony eye
This plant – the close relative to a May lily of the valley. Only berry here always one on the whole bush. In a ripe look it brilliant, black, sometimes covered with a light gray scurf, very juicy and appetizing by sight. At the same time saponin парастифин which strikes work of heart contains toxic agent. Also the root, a stalk and leaves of a plant are poisonous. The most reasonable that can be made at a meeting with it, – at all not to touch it.
Belladonna
Other names – a belladonna, a krasukha, mad berry, a sleepy stupor, mad cherry. Black-blue berries, brilliant, flattened and spherical, juicy. On taste sweet-sour. All parts of a plant, but fruits – especially are poisonous. It is enough to eat 2-3 berries to get the hardest poisoning. In 10 minutes after the use there come its first signs: burning and dryness in a mouth, the complicated speech, a hoarse voice, confused breath, a rapid pulse and reddening of integuments. Pupils are most expanded and don't react to light. It is possible to observe at got poisoned a feverish state, sharp motive excitement, spasms, hallucinations and nonsense. The urgent help of the doctor are the first that is required to him these minutes.