The cleaning unit of storm waters helps to purify the water polluted by various substances. It is applied at gas stations and car washes. But how she is suited?
What belongs to storm waters
All various atmospheric precipitation and also melt waters which arise in the spring when thawing snow and ice belong to storm waters. Storm waters are polluted by all organic and inorganic matters which people process snow and ice and also all substances which they wash away from the surfaces of roads and sidewalks. Storm waters, before their dumping into reservoirs, are passed through treatment treatment plants which remove from them various suspended substances, including and oil products. Installation for purification of storm waters uses the whole set of methods for work:
- physical and chemical
- mechanical
- sorption
Composition of storm waters
Storm waters contain large amount of hazardous substances, such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Such waters are capable to infect not one reservoir therefore are subject to obligatory chemical cleaning. Originally storm waters are purified by means of mechanical methods, then physical and chemical, sorption methods complete cleaning.
As the type of purification plants is selected
Storm overflows are subdivided on:
- household
- industrial
- atmospheric
The first are formed thanks to activity of people, industrial by results of activity of the plants and factories, atmospheric - result of activity of the nature. The choice of installation is defined by degree and how this territory becomes soiled. Depending on that what types of cleaning are required, also the type of installation is chosen.
Scope of cleaning units
On car washes, refueling stations, the transport and oil enterprises – for cleaning of oil products. At the enterprises of the food industry, light and heavy industry – for cleaning of fats of animal and vegetable origins. In laundries and baths, at the enterprises of textile, tanning and chemical industry – for cleaning of chemicals.
As cleaning is carried out
Lakes, the seas and oceans become soiled melt waters which on the way collect sand, garbage, oil products and other pollution. In order that it did not occur in each area special local installations which purify storm waters are developed.
Features of work
Installations for purification of storm waters have many different designs, but the principle of work at all is similar: originally installation purifies water from oil products and also large mechanical particles, stones, sand, garbage. All these particles remain in the deposition chamber. Further there is absorption of the arriving water which allows to clean it from harmful chemical impurity. Then clear water comes to reservoir.