Ethiopia is considered the homeland of coffee though on this matter there is never-ending dispute. Coffee contains forty species of this plant. In the territory of Russia the coffee trees do not grow. In far Soviet period there was attempt to cultivate them in the subtropical area of Azerbaijan – Lenkorani, but now there are no data on this experiment. Today amateur gardeners have opportunity to grow up coffee tree in house conditions.
For idea realization with own hand to grow up coffee tree there are two methods: - to land seed coffee beans, - to use vegetative cherenkovaniye.
The way of reproduction by cherenkovaniye assumes availability of adult tree therefore for the beginning fans more we accept way of planting of seeds.
Planting stock
Grains for landing take not fried, that is not brown, but green. Indispensable condition of viability of planting stock – its freshness. The most popular grades of "home-made coffee" is "Arabica coffee" and Nana, dwarfish kind of coffee tree. Before landing the seeds should be processed, the grain cover very firm and demands skarifikation. For this purpose the cover either is softened, or deleted mechanically. There is also chemical way of removal of natural protection by means of acid, but in house conditions to apply it it is difficult. Then grains should be disinfected in weak manganese solution. Seeds bury to the friable, easy soil which has to be rather sour. For acidulation of the soil add small chopped up moss to it sphagnum. The structure of the soil is made of two parts of peat, by one part of sheet humus, the greenhouse earth and clean bank sand.
Crops
In container fill even layer the humidified soil, grains bury no more than at one centimeter, observing step between them to three centimeters. The container is closed glass, condensate, gathering for the surfaces of glass, will provide the water mode, necessary for seeds. Capacity it is necessary to arrange on sunny side and to regularly remove glass for airing, the more there are seedlings, the more often it is necessary to do airing.
Shoots
Approximately in month the first shoots appear, then transfer container to the light, but shaded place, completely excepting possibility of hit of direct sunshine. Room temperature during summer season can be up to 25 wasps, during the autumn-winter period – it is not lower than 15 wasps. As soon as there are first two-four leaflets, seedlings otsazhivat in individual deep pots with a diameter up to 7 cm. Roots of seedling tend to last down. In process of forming of root system and formation of new leaflets and branches the saplings replace two-three more times, every time, increasing diameter of pot by 2 cm.
Leaving and fertilizing of coffee tree
Change is carried out only in the spring. When the sapling is replaced already in constant flowerpot, it is transferred to the shaded place, and the plant in the first two weeks is regularly sprayed. To form krone of tree there is no need, it is necessary to delete the dry and too expanded branches only. In the summer watering has to be abundant and regular, in the winter - as required. Fertilizing of plant needs to be carried out not more often than once a month by mineral fertilizers which can be bought in specialized gardening shops. The way and dosage are specified on packing.
Blossoming and fructification
Having reached growth in height up to 2 meters at the age of three years, the tree begins to blossom and fructify. If the plant is healthy, it blossoms is abundant in very fragrant white or creamy colors. Flowers are collected in inflorescence which looks terry. After emergence of ovary the flowers fall down, and the fruit under which cover there are two coffee kernels is formed of each ovary. Fruits ripen, changing the coloring from green till red color. The feature of coffee tree is that on one plant there can be at the same time both flowers, and the ripening fruits. houseconditionsFor one season it is possible to remove up to 500 g of dry coffee beans from one coffee tree which is grown up in .