For comfortable development of plants at the lowered temperatures arrange greenhouse and hothouse constructions.
Construction the greenhouse is begun with laying of the foundation. The base is stacked, using bricks, stones and concrete. At the time of laying of the foundation fill in sides for ridges. Classical length of the greenhouse of 6 m, width of 4 m and the area is respectively equal to 34 sq.m. Greenhouse height in the fad is 3 m.
For construction of framework use tree, plastic or threw. For air circulation in the greenhouse do not forget about doors windows and window leaves. The arch form of roof has perfectly proved to be. In these greenhouses the additional amount of air is formed, and the greenhouse of such design is steadier. The most practical framework of hothouse construction is considered metal.
For production of framework it is better to use pipes of square shape or corner. First of all install binding which is stacked on the surface of the base. At the time of installation of framework all metal parts paint over - for prevention of korroziya. Further in metal binding and the base drill openings. Using anchor bolts, the binding is reliably fastened to the base. In corners and on perimeter of binding racks which are welded on binding are put. Together with racks, in advance prepared door units are welded.
In upper part, weld the top binding on racks. For it use only corner which is attached between racks, leaving small gap. The gap is necessary in order that when mounting the shelter from polycarbonate, sheets were placed under corner and were closed by it from rains. After mounting of binding, arches fasten. The best option will be if you order arches in the specialized organizations. Arches fasten with the fad and additional cross couplers for giving of stability and rigidity of design and also prevention of deflection from weight of snow.
For airing of greenhouses, with roofs of arch design, mount window leaves with the system of levers, for rise implementation. The size of the window leaves opened for airing, has to be not less than 25% of all roof area. It is possible to fill up airing through doors. Thanks to the system of levers, roof sections with ease open and closed. They provide airing in the hothouse room thanks to what in it will take very easily care for plants. So, in roof mount arch window leaves, weld hinges on the fad in the place of fastening of systems of drafts and levers. After production of framework, metal is painted over. The metric area of the greenhouse can be miscellaneous, but it is important to consider dimensions of polycarbonate leaf when planning.
Cellular polycarbonate - sheets of two-layer plastic of different thickness. For hothouse designs usually use sheets the size: length – 6 m height is-2.10 m width - 4 mm.
Polycarbonate has number of merits:
- the increased crash-worthiness,
- does not pass ultraviolet rays which harm cultures,
- passes the scattering light - it excludes burning of cultures harmful direct sunshine
The two-layer structure of polycarbonate provides the increased security of plant from cold air. Polycarbonate can be knifed easily, saw or scissors on metal, in it openings are easily drilled. Thanks to what sheets easily fasten to the basis by means of normal drill. Its weight is insignificant, the leaf of 1 m² weighs 1 kg. Polycarbonate is light when transporting, it is twisted and transported even in the car. On polycarbonate almost does not settle dust, and pollution are very easily washed by water. Polycarbonate excellent material for closing of capital greenhouses.
Start closing of the prepared framework from roof. Sheets are attached on arched roof only across. To metal framework, polycarbonate fastens self-tapping screws, they are fastened drill by means of bat. Metal washers cork with thermowashers. They densely press polycarbonate to greenhouse framework. As clamp plate apply plastic corner. Thickness of corner has to equal to thickness of ukryvny leaf. Application of plastic corner will reliably close plate edge. Before polycarbonate mounting surely remove protective film. Edges smear with glue and paste corner. The open area of polycarbonate is hermetically stuck with adhesive tape. If the edge does not stick, moisture will get to perforated departments and when freezing material can be damaged. If it is necessary to lengthen two leaves, special connecting levels are applied.
After closing of roof, start faces and sidewalls. On door hooks, handles, fixers for open door fix. Instead of plastic washers and corners it is possible to use strips of roofing iron. Sealing of window leaves is reached by means of sealing rubber. In the greenhouse it is possible to install heating services and lighting.
It is better to lay out hothouse paths paving slabs, they bring essential convenience during operating time. Tile spread paths in the greenhouse and before entrance. And it is better to build beds high, with high concrete borders. It is easier to look after such beds. In upper part reinforcing rods for garter of plants fix. To make warm ridges and tomatoes in your greenhouse you awake to collect only red.