Heart of each gardener-gardener unmistakably feels spring. Ahead - pleasant efforts on the favourite earth, it is a high time to prepare seedling of tomatoes. We look for answers to classical questions: when it is better to plant tomatoes on seedling how to choose seeds how to dive seedling of tomatoes.
Optimum terms of landing of seeds of tomatoes
Seedling of tomatoes seeded too early will surely be extended, will be thin and weak. Late - will yield harvest significantly later. Simple calculation of optimum date will help.
Undertakes date of landing of tomatoes in soil (hotbed, the greenhouse), traditional for the specific region. The term of cultivation of seedling is taken away of this date:
- 70 days for late grades;
- 55 - 60 days for mid-season tomatoes;
- 40 - 50 days for early.
Germination of seeds will take 3 - 4 more days. Let's read these days, we receive specific date of landing of tomatoes to seedling. It can be corrected slightly, considering the forecast of meteorologists and influence of lunar cycle.
When to plant tomatoes on seedling in 2017? As the early spring is expected, it is possible to sow for 5 - 7 days earlier. According to the lunar calendar of 2017 favorable days for landing of seeds of tomatoes will be on March 13 - 16; for sword-play - April 8, 9, 14.
How to choose and prepare seeds of tomatoes
For landing it is necessary to buy qualitative seeds, it is desirable at the checked sellers or acquaintances. If seeds are acquired from casual people, they need to be disinfected surely. It is possible to use one of options:
- weak (pink) solution of margantsovokisly potassium;
- solution of baking soda (5th Mr. of 0.5 ml);
- any industrial medicine increasing viability of seeds, containing disinfecting substances (for example - Fitosporin-M).
In gauze sack the seeds plunge into warm solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes, then are washed with warm flowing water. Seeds will darken, it is normal reaction. In soda solution they are kept by 30 minutes, then wash out. Processing by medicines is made according to the instruction.
Right after disinfection the seeds ret in warm water for 10 - 12 hours. The dry cover can prevent to be unrolled further to the arisen leaves. You should not overdo the seeds in water which have inflated at once land in the prepared mix.
Two-year (old) seeds tomato of valuable grade can be couched successfully if before landing to drench them with hot water, then cold. To repeat the procedure three times, then to wet as usual.
Soil for cultivation of seedling of tomatoes
To grow up healthy seedling of tomatoes, it is possible to use purchased soil or to prepare mix independently. The main requirement - the earth for prorashchivaniye of seeds has to be easy.
To prepare soil independently, it is necessary to mix in equal parts the forest (deciduous) earth, compost (or peat) and sand. It is necessary to add ashes of fruit-trees to the received mix (500 g of ashes on bucket of earth mix). It is the simplest to sift ready mix through plastic box with large cell.
Some gardeners in addition calcinate the earth in oven for destruction of infection.
As it is correct to plant seeds of tomatoes
It is the simplest to plant seeds of tomatoes in plastic food containers. Tweezers, the spray with hot water, marker will be necessary for landing.
The sifted earth is filled in container and slightly stamped. The layer about 4 cm has to turn out. It it is abundant pours down hot water. The tweezers display seeds by ranks on distance of 2 cm. We fill up seeds with layer of the earth of 1.5 - 2 cm, from above it is not necessary to water. It is better to sign containers with marker at once, having specified grade. We cover cover, we remove container to the warm place. At temperature of 23 ° seeds will sprout -25 °C for 3 - 4 day.
How to dive seedling tomato
The sword-play is change of saplings in ware of bigger volume. The sword-play purpose - strengthening of root system of saplings; control of the excessive growth (pulling) of seedling. This procedure forces plant to master the new volume of soil, the main forces of sprout are directed to education and development of side roots. Dive will allow to grow up good seedling of tomatoes.
Experienced gardeners dive seedling of tomatoes twice. The first time - as soon as at saplings 2-3 real leaves will develop. It is about 20 day from landing of seeds. Plants are replaced from tray in separate glasses (300 ml). When roots of saplings twist all lump of the earth (it is visible through wall), replace tomatoes in big glasses (500 ml).
In day of glasses it is necessary to make openings, inside it is desirable to fill drainage from egg shell (1-2 cm), then 1 cm of light land mix. The plant entirely is desirable to dive, without damaging lump of the earth and roots. It is so-called transfer.
Directly with land lump we put sapling in plastic cup, we fill up the earth on each side. The first round leaves have to appear at the level of glass side, the surfaces of soil not less than on 1 cm are higher. It is convenient to cover glass the plastic bottle which is cut off by the top half without stopper. The double sword-play allows to grow up healthy seedling of tomatoes.
How to grow up seedling of tomatoes
Cultivation of healthy seedling of tomatoes requires a lot of sun. In the majority of regions the illumination is required by the neon lamp. Maintenance of stable temperature: in the afternoon 23 ° - 26 °C, night of 18 °C. Oxygen is necessary for roots of tomatoes, it is necessary to loosen earth surface regularly. Tomatoes love reserved watering. The surplus of water can ruin saplings.
At seedling of tomatoes only three enemies: low temperature, insufficient lighting and excessive watering.
Hardening of seedling of tomatoes
In 10 - 15 days prior to change of seedling of tomatoes to the open ground the adult saplings need to be adapted to natural temperature drops and open sunlight. Seedling is exposed from windowsill on open balcony for couple of hours. Hardening of tomatoes is carried out at temperature over 11 °C in morning or evening hours.
Upon completion of returnable frosts seedling of tomatoes can be planted to the open ground. Plants will easier transfer stress if landing is carried out in the evening or in cloudy day.
To grow up healthy seedling of tomatoes it is worth using experience of skilled gardeners.