The basement is provided in the majority of country houses. It is desirable to consider purpose of the basement at construction stage. If earlier it was considered as storage for stocks, then today more often it becomes the additional floor. In the basement it is possible to locate the boiler house, laundry, garage, office, billiards, etc. So owners give 30% of this room for technical needs, and 70% for other purposes.
Instruction
1. At stage of laying of walls of the base it is necessary to determine height of future basement, at the same time it is necessary to consider that the surface of floor has to be higher than surface of level of underground water. Therefore important stage in arrangement of the operated basement is the waterproofing.
2. Soil moisture destroys the base and promotes fungal and mold formations on inside face of walls. Before laying of the foundation, as waterproofing it is necessary to use sand-crushed-stone adding and hydrostekloizol. Depending on composition of the ground, the concrete floor and ZhB of wall have to have the corresponding thickness.
3. If soil does not contain a lot of moisture in that case, it is enough to cover walls with hot bitumen few times. If underground waters are not deeply, then it is not recommended to use the basement as premises.
4. Besides waterproofing the basement needs to be warmed. Extent of warming directly depends on purpose of the room. Underground temperature, is rather stable, but is not comfortable for accommodation. Materials for thermal insulation have to be moisture-proof and strong, for example haydite, mineral wool, polyfoam (extrusion).
5. The most effective thermal insulation – external. At such warming, the construction is in addition protected from various mechanical damages. If to heat-insulate the basement or socle from within, then from contact with soil, parts of the building will be humidified, and it will spoil covering and wall.
6. Do not forget about ventilation system, only it prevents dampness and is responsible for air exchange. It is the best of all to create such system which would allow to circulate to air via the special channels which are going beyond roof which needs in advance to be laid in dymoventilyatsionny blocks. It is necessary to think over ventilation even prior to construction.