Optical fiber – the real break in communication technologies. Today, thanks to such cables high-precision is reached and signal transmission on long distances without loss of quality is fast. However this technology has one minus: the cable should be "pulled", shrouding in its web the city.
Rules of laying of fiber-optic cable are stipulated by many moments. The first what it is necessary to decide on, is cable type. It depends on conditions and way of laying and also on object of mounting. For example, at air cable laying the suspension or self-supported fiber-optic cable is used. Universal which is softer and easy it is applied indoors. In the cable sewerage stack more reliable heavy cable with the elements protecting from harmful effects of the environment. If the cable is stacked in soil, then apply the special polymeric pipes protecting from rodents and motions of soil, supplied with the central power steel element. The cable is equipped with armor – the metal gauze.
Ways of laying
Most often the cable is laid in the cable sewerage or stacked in soil. But there are also other ways, more modern, among them: mounting, using drilling in the horizontal direction, winding on lightning rope or laying in asphalt when road surfacing is built.
In buildings of the rule of cable laying allow to use low-current channels or emptiness behind false ceiling. Laying in special trays is in addition possible. At installation of cable in the building it is necessary to watch strictly bend radiuses (they should not be individual less admissible for each cable). All of cable, applied in buildings, have to undergo testing according to conditions of fire safety. When laying underground (in soil) it is necessary to dig out trenches not less than 1 m in depth, considering stock longwise in those places where the cable connects and also on the ends of routes. The tightness of cable is the main requirement at its laying for cable vault. At air laying all loadings operating on air and cable transition are considered. For example, it is necessary to consider its sagging changing depending on jumps of temperature and force of tension of cable for calculation of its length. If to know the extreme durability of cable on gap, it is possible to calculate its tension which makes no more than 60% of durability, then it is possible to guarantee reliability of laying on support.
Staging
Process of cable laying consists of two stages – preparatory and the main. For preparatory stage it is necessary to perform external inspection and to calculate optical characteristics. At external inspection it is focused on check of integrity and absence of damage, for example, in isolation and in the cable reel. Also compliance of the data specified in the passport (it is applied to each coil) and specified on drum is checked. First of all when checking optical characteristics define running attenuation of fiber-optic cable and compare to passport. At the same time check integrity of optical fibers. After that pass to the main stage.