Presently the bath on private farmstead is, likely, the cult construction intended for complex family holiday. It is not the small lop-sided bath burning blackly, and the building which obligatory elements were sweating room, the pool, the room for rest.
It is not difficult to construct bath. It is more difficult to choose, likely, and all this to combine planning, way of heating, indoor equipment and material for walls of bath. Let's consider easy and available way of construction of bath from slag stones with wooden overlapping.
Planning of bath
Obligatory rooms in the ban are the sweating room and the waiting room, it furnace. The project may contain also the bigger number of rooms, but it is not necessary to increase the area of bath. This lodge is intended only for family and quite enough room with simultaneous stay of 2-3 people, no more.
The bath size in respect of 3х6 m is most optimum. Planning of bath may contain 4 rooms:
- Furnace, it platform. In furnace the fire chamber of the furnace is conducted and the single reserve of firewood is stored. There are hangers for outerwear in winter time. Furnace it has to be supplied with excellent extract for removal of smoke, getting at laying of firewood into the furnace.
- Waiting room. The room for rest after steam room and locker room. The spacious, very warm room equipped with wooden furniture and small bar with the refreshing drinks. In bath categorically it is not recommended to take alcoholic drinks.
- Washing, equipped with simple regiments for bathing stock. Sometimes in washing the mini-pool or wooden barrel tub is established – at choice of the owner.
- Sweating room. Main room of bath and the smallest. The sweating room can be dry heat - sauna, or damp. It is undesirable to combine sweating room with washing since it is very heavy to wash at high temperature. Regiments and finishing of sweating room are usually carried out under the order, lining from linden though its cost is quite high.
All rooms are separated by light partitions, it is possible from plywood or SMALLPOX with obligatory impregnation by antiseptics. To sheathe sites of partitions near the furnace fire-resistant gispokarton.
The center of such bath will bake, a little displaced towards one of walls. The furnace has to warm all rooms and the maximum heat to give in steam room. To bake it is possible to get ready, especially for bath, or to weld independently.
Selection of material for bath
The bath represents the small structure of rectangular shape, with load bearing walls and wooden overlapping. Main options of walls of bath two: wooden or laid out from stone.
Wooden baths can be timbered or from bar. Material for such baths usually is on sale already in finished form, all designs are processed and marked. On the place the column base is arranged and assembly, very simple and fast is conducted.
Wooden baths have low heat conductivity, very effectively look on the site, but have the main shortcoming: weak resistance to influence of sunshine. In the southern, solar regions of our country the tree of felling will burst, blacken, be conducted soon, forming slots and any impregnations will not help. Frequent processing of wood will increase bath cost.
Stone baths are deprived of this shortcoming. These are more durable constructions, but also more expensive. Walls of bath can be made of any available material in this area. It can be brick (silicate or ceramic), gas-silicate blocks, limestone-shell rock, slag stones, foam concrete blocks.
Worries that the laying will grow mouldy or be scattered from dampness is not necessary: rooms with the damp mode of bath carefully get off with warm and waterproofing material from within and are supplied with good ventilation. At the correct operation the bath can serve to several generations.
Let's consider option of construction of bath from slag stone as most plain material. The garret building, with gable roof.
Base
The base under walls we carry out tape monolithic. Depth of underlay depends on weather and soil conditions, but no more than 80 cm. Width of tape is 30 cm.
Sequence of the device:
- We delete layer of fertile soil. The humus will find application.
- We dig out trench under external walls.
- We stack concrete preparation 100 mm thick from lightweight-aggregate concrete for protection of the base against soil aggression.
- Before filling we stack framework from 4 reinforcing rods with a diameter of 8 mm connected in space framework on preparation.
- We fill in trench with concrete layer-by-layer, with thorough ramming of each layer. As filler for concrete crushed stone fineness of 20-40 mm, haydite or gravel can serve.
- The socle of bath can be executed from brickwork 250 mm wide, i.e. in one brick. Brick for socle to take only clay ceramic.
Floors
To make floors in bath of concrete, in the following sequence:
- To remove the excess soil which has remained after fragments of trenches.
- To lay layer of crushed stone 100 mm thick. To stamp carefully heavy tamper.
- To arrange waterproofing from flushing with bituminous mastic over crushed stone.
- To lay concrete layer 150 mm thick. Before filling to lay mesh reinforcement 5 BP-1 with cells of 50х50 mm.
- Top finishing of floor: ceramic tile with nonskid covering or cement and sand tie of structure 1:2.
To execute floor in washing office with small bias towards sewer ladder.
At the site of the furnace we carry out local strengthening from additional reinforcing. Light partitions do not demand the base and fasten to floor.
Walls
Walls of bath give all the best from slag stone, in one block. Size of the block of standard, 200х200х400 mm. Message laying on brand 100 solution, with obligatory filling of all slots. To rub clean internal seams. Via each 4 rows of blocks to stack masonry metal tape or reinforcing wire. To execute crossing points over apertures from wooden bar or to cast from concrete on the place. On the top number of slag stones to lay the inferior purlin attracted by pins to laying. Under inferior purlin to lay roofing material layer.
To stack the first row of slag stones on waterproofing layer, normally it is also roofing material.
Overlapping and roof
To arrange overlapping from horizontal beams 150х50 mm established on inferior purlin. Step of beams of 600 mm.
From below to sheathe beams sheets SMALLPOX or plywood, 10-12 mm thick. To fix exclusively self-tapping screws. Sheets form continuous ceiling over bath. In the place of pass of pipe the sleeve from non-combustible material is established. Upon purchase of the furnace for bath the sleeve goes in set for overlapping and roof.
Before laying of heater the paroizolyatsionny film is laid. It is possible to warm bath ceiling mineral nonflammable wool boards. Over heater the vapor barrier for protection against moisture and drafts is laid.
If the attic of bath is going to be operated, on beams running boards 25-40 mm thick jam.
The roof is carried out from feet of a rafter of 100х50 mm, without support by supporting beam. Rafters fasten from below to floor beams, from above connect inhaling 100х50. Under sheets of wavy slate rails 50х50 step of 600 mm, under professional flooring of board 100х25, step of 350 mm keep within. If the roof option is chosen from professional flooring, we do not forget paroizolyatsionny film under furring.
Everything, the bath is ready.
Water supply and sewerage
The bath is located in some distance from the house. As the volume of the consumed water in bath is quite considerable, it is reasonable to execute water supply. The pipe can be brought out of the house or domestic watering well. Depth of underlay of propylene pipe is small, to 60 cm, to put the Pipe when laying in the warming casings from energoflex.
In bath it is enough to remove the wall crane and hose for filling of tanks water.
To establish in bath of souls or cabins, bathtubs, toilet bowls and the other equipment, likely, are not necessary. Let's leave them for the house.
The sewerage is arranged in the course of construction of the base. The pipe with knee is started under the base or passes through his body in the metal sleeve established in the course of concreting. Normal pipe PVC with a diameter of 100 mm quite will be suitable for the sewerage device. If in bath the pool or tub, branch for them is going to execute from pipe with a diameter of 50 mm. Pipes are put before filling of floor.
Water drain is carried out or in the city sewerage, or in drainage septic tank. Small volumes of gray drains from bath do not suffer environmental damage.
Interior finish
Finishing and warming of stone walls of all rooms, except the platform, can be executed from the PVC panels on timber frame construction. Sequence of performance of work:
- To shoot down the stapler polyethylene film to wall as the main waterproofing.
- To establish horizontal wooden rails by step of 50 cm of Reiki to fix to laying anchor screw or drive anchor in the drilled openings. To ogruntovat rail before installation.
- To put heater between rails. For warming we choose polyfoam of PSB 15, 25. Not to apply Minvatu in walls.
- To sheathe surface penofoly with the heatreflecting film inside.
- To install the PVC vertical panels.
In the waiting room instead of the PVC panels of wall it is possible to sheathe moisture resistant gypsum cardboard. However gypsum cardboard will require additional finishing: putty of joints and painting by moisture resistant structure.
Walls and ceiling of sweating room, instead of PVC, are sheathed by lining from linden. It is not recommended to apply pine wood. Under the influence of high temperatures of board will long emit pitches and also they are subject to deformation because of features of structure.
External finishing
We carry out exterior finish from vinyl siding by analogy with interior finish from PVC, only rails fasten vertically. If necessary it is possible to warm bath outside.
Windows and doors are selected by the owner's opportunities.
Now the bath is ready finally.
Internally the equipment and stock of bath are bought in shop, or manufactured by the hands, reducing base bid, raising own self-assessment and level of skill.