Gladioluses are very whimsical. That they pleased magnificent blossoming, they need to be fed up periodically. What fertilizers it is better to use? When to begin to feed up?
Gladioluses very whims. To achieve abundant blossoming, gardeners make many efforts. If the plant does not receive sufficient nutrition, then it will gather green material and will not give good quantity of peduncles and buds on them. The gladiolus perfectly grows on the soils rich with the chernozem, and on the sandy earth. The soil has to be subacidic. The acidity is higher, the blossoming will be worse. The correct fertilizing is important not only for forming of strong stalk and large buds, but for education of children whom gladioluses breed.
Optimum terms
It is optimum to feed up gladiolus in several stages, and the composition of fertilizers differs from stage of growth and blossoming, considering need for any given microelements.
The very first stage – soil preparation in the fall. It is necessary not only to dig over it, but also to fertilize organic fertilizers (manure or humus). The place should be changed each two years.
The second stage – fertilizing when landing. Places emphasis on nitrogen fertilizers. They promote active growth. After landing it is recommended to use mulch.
The third stage of fertilizing is carried out when 2-3 present sheet, i.e. in phase of active growth appear. Nitrogen fertilizers are here too recommended, for example, it is possible to water with urea (3 tsps on 5 l of otstoyanny water). To water at the roots.
At the fourth stage when the sixth leaf appears, it is entered phosphoric and potash fertilizers and also mineral complexes. Otherwise during budding the gladiolus will not be able to gather buds.
When in July the gladiolus releases arrows with peduncles, there comes the next stage of fertilizing. The plant is weeded, loosened, then watered. Often use superphosphate and urea.
The feeding up proceeds and during blossoming all remained summer. Unlike other stages of any nitrogen.
The last stage of fertilizing is carried out in August or in early autumn when the plant has already faded. Here feed bulbs.
Than it is possible to fertilize?
Gladioluses differ in the long period of vegetation. For the full-fledged growth and blossoming they constantly need in feeder substances. Therefore fertilizing is necessary to fill the arising shortage. The need arises in nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.
Nitrogen provides rapid growth, due to formation of albumens. It is necessary to bring at growth stage. It is possible to determine shortage or surplus by color of leaves. In the first case they light, pale green, and in the second, on the contrary, dark and saturated. The nitrogen surplus also negatively affects plant, green material because of what the immune system is oppressed increases, and the gladiolus can ache.
Potassium is necessary for normal metabolism of plant, promotes production of carbohydrates, increases resistance to diseases, infections and fall of temperature of air. At deficiency of this mineral bulbs suffer first of all, power supply process is broken. Respectively it is reflected in all gladiolus, from leaves to buds. It is possible to feed up both at the beginning of growth, and during blossoming.
Phosphorus stimulates growth of buds, directly affects their quantity and the size, is also responsible for hydrocarbon exchange. Therefore it is necessary to introduce fertilizer during active blossoming. At lack of phosphorus of buds it is formed a little, they badly blossom, or them can not be at all.
Special means
Gladioluses prefer mineral fertilizers therefore it is better to cook cocktail from different elements. It is necessary to water between ranks at the rate of 10-15 l on square meter of soil. The gladiolus also needs iron, cobalt, sulfur and zinc. For this purpose dissolve in water potassium permanganate, boric acid, cobalt nitrate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper vitriol. Extreme content of each substance in solution should not exceed 2 gr. Otherwise the plant can die.
Most often as source of nitrogen use urea, ammonium sulfate or ammonium nitrate. Urea contains up to 46% of nitrogen. If it is used together with organic fertilizers, then its dose is reduced on third. Nitrogen from sulfate of ammonium is acquired much easier, perfectly is suitable for neutral and alkaline soils, increases acidity. It is perfectly acquired in complex with other fertilizers, but it is impossible to mix with wood tar. Contains in ammonium nitrate also the sulfur allowing nitrogen is better to be acquired, stimulates growth of plant. If the soil acid, then it is necessary to use together with carbonate of calcium (1:0.75).
It is possible to use ready mineral mixes, such as Kemira Universal, Fertika luxury, the Nitrophoska or Ammofosk. Also perfectly various multicomplexes will be suitable for berries and vegetables.
Self-made means
It is possible to use compost, manure and bird's dung. Also to use the crushed shell from crude eggs.
Green fertilizer during emergence 6-7 leaves has effectively proved to be. For its production any capacity, for example, bucket or barrel undertakes. To fill it with weeds on 2/3. To fill in with water and to insist about a week. If weather hot, then term can be reduced for 3-4 days. Then to add wood ashes, pounded shell from crude eggs, manure or humus, fitosporin. To allow to infuse even day. To dissolve the received mix in proportion 1 glass on 10 l of water.
It is in addition possible to feed up organic chemistry: by one part korovyevo, horse manure and bird's dung. 1 l of manure on water bucket to insist 4 days. To dissolve with 1 l of infused manure in bucket of water and to water between ranks.
Perfectly compost is suitable for subforage. But its maturing requires time. It is necessary to dig out hole on the site and to fill up work grass after weeding. So it is possible to add manure and food waste, such as vegetable cleanings, chicken shell, etc. to hole. By spring the contents have to rot through. Compost is also recommended to be dissolved.
To stimulate blossoming it is possible to feed up banana peel. It also protects from plant louse. For this purpose fresh skins cut, fill in with water and leave for week. Such fertilizing it will be required much, and it can not always replace mineral phosphoric fertilizers completely.
How it is correct to feed up?
Even before landing it is necessary to prepare the site in the fall. Soil is deeply and carefully dug over and fertilized, for example by manure (2 buckets on square meter). In addition to introduce phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (40 gr on square meter). In the spring, in three weeks prior to landing, the soil is recommended to be fertilized in addition urea (20 gr. On 10 l of water). It is also possible to spill garlic water to protect from wreckers. Gladioluses land in the warm, solar places closed from drafts.
Bulbs before landing should be taken in biostimulant solution that they have for certain sprouted. When landing it is possible to spill the earth fitosporiny or potassium permanganate. It is also possible to apply mulching. Best of all stalks and leaves of lupine and bean will approach, but it is possible to use also any other grass, previously having removed seeds. It is necessary to spread grass between bulbs at distance of 5-6 cm, but not in hole at the roots.
During emergence of 2-3 sheets it is necessary to feed up gladioluses nitrogen. For this purpose it is possible to use ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, sodium or potash saltpeter (20-30 gr on 10 l of water). To water at the roots. At the sour soil, fertilizer can just be scattered. If organic fertilizers were added to soil, then the amount of fertilizing should be reduced till 10-15 gr by 10 l of water. When using sulfate of ammonium it is impossible to feed up plants wood ashes.
When stalks have only gone to growth, it is necessary to use abundant subforage nitrogen fertilizers. Its shortage can be determined by pale green leaves. If it is too much darkly green color, then nitrogen that too badly affects plant.
When there is the sixth leaf it is necessary to make to nitrogen to add phosphorus and potassium. It is possible to use complexes for vegetables or berries. Further the subforage is carried out when gladioluses start up peduncles. It is possible to use superphosphate which just is scattered on the site (40 gr on square), and then to dissolve urea and to water (20 gr on 10 l of water).
That buds have quicker blossomed, phosphorus is necessary. At its shortage of flowers it is formed a little and they badly blossom. Actually, as soon as there were 5-6 sheets, it is already necessary to give phosphorus and also it is obligatory to feed up during budding.
It is possible to use solution from urea and sulfate potassium (on 15 gr), superphosphate (30 gr) and 10 liters of water. To water between ranks. It is at the same time possible to feed up ready complex fertilizers with microelements.
The next fertilizing by potash and phosphoric fertilizers is made for magnificent blossoming, at the same time nitrogen is excluded. It is enough to dissolve sulfate potassium and superphosphate and to water flowers.
The last fertilizing is carried out after full falling off of peduncles, it is normal at the end of August or the beginning of September. Water with superphosphate and sulfate of potassium on 30 gr everyone on 10 l of water. In addition the earth with bulbs is recommended to be irrigated with potassium permanganate solution (5 gr on 10 l of water).
Extra root fertilizer
For acceleration of growth and blossoming it is possible to use as well extra root fertilizing in three stages. At stage of budding spray with permanganate potassium solution, copper vitriol, boric acid or special mix of microelements for flowers.
For increase in quantity of buds, their brightness at the end of June should spray with solution from potassium permanganate (1.5 gr), copper vitriol (1.5 gr), boric acid (1 gr), magnesium sulfate (1gr), cobalt nitrate (0.1 gr), zinc sulfate (0.3 gr) and 10 l of water.
At the end of July the third fertilizing allowing to tie more buds is carried out. Extra root fertilizer is carried out in cloudy days or in the evening, when there is no active sun. Sheets on both sides are sprayed. The last spraying is carried out in August or the beginning of September to receive more children for cultivation.
Useful recommendations
Gladioluses are recommended to be fertilized liquid structures during watering as they have no long root system. For this reason they are recommended to be loosened often, to weed and watch surely that people of Earth dried up. To optimum separate subforage into two parts and to bring with difference in week at each stage. For the best digestion of nutrients the earth around gladioluses needs to be loosened regularly.
Fertilizing is brought in damp soil, and after watering is surely carried out. It is better to introduce fertilizers in the evening or early in the morning.
It is impossible to feed up in the period of rains. They will wash up all fertilizers from soil, or nutrients will go deeply to the earth where the short root system of gladioluses will not reach. It is better to feed up gladioluses on the termination of rains. If precipitation has dropped out after application of fertilizers, the procedure of mineralization should be repeated. In the period of cold snap it is also necessary to refrain from fertilizing.
Gladioluses do not like to live on one place. They will begin to wither even at regular subforage. Therefore it is recommended to replace them each 1-2 years. It is better not to choose places in the open ground, flowers are very whimsical and do not love draft.
It is necessary to water plants at least once a week, and the regular correct feeding up prolongs the period of blossoming of gladioluses. At the ought leaving the flowers will please gardeners all summer and early autumn.