It is difficult to present modern life without mail. And it is valid - this type of communication appeared practically along with writing as a good opportunity to transfer data to a long distance.
Instruction
1. The mail service appeared as an important element of formation of statehood and complication of the commodity-money relations. At the time of the first civilizations mail became one of ways of association of the remote territories. Initially mail service was irregular - if necessary governors or other important state persons equipped messengers for transfer of important information.
2. In Ancient Egypt and Sumer the mountaineer most often went on foot, and in Persia also horse messengers appeared. In Persia there were also first post stations where it was possible to change horses for faster delivery of mail. In Ancient Rome at Julius Caesar the state mail was also created. On it private letters were not sent, but it helped to connect the most distant outskirts of the extensive empire. The special official who monitored maintenance as post stations and also timely arrival of messengers managed mail.
3. In parallel with the state mail also private developed. Merchants most often reported messages with the passing ships or trade caravans. Similarly also individuals arrived. Price was contract as single tariffs did not exist. At the same time rather small number of people as the bulk of the population was illiterate used private mail and had no contacts with distant territories.
4. In the Early Middle Ages even the state mail was delivered slowly and irregularly. At the same time development of a monastic mail service began, but it was intended first of all for monks and priests. Only in the 14th century the first public mail began to appear. Such correspondence was delivered by city messengers. And mail in a modern look as the uniform organization for the whole country serving not only state, but also individuals, appeared in the 15th century in France.