The type of the speech is the way of statement chosen by the author and focused on performance of any task, for example, to describe reality or to tell dynamically about it. According to these tasks our speech can be divided into the description, the narration, a reasoning. Each type of the speech has own unique signs.
Instruction
1. The description is an image of the phenomena, objects, persons by consecutive transfer and disclosure of its main signs. For example, describing the person, we mark out the following signs: growth, bearing, age, eyes, hair color and so on; the description of the apartment will contain other signs: size, height of walls, registration, furniture, quantity of windows. The purpose of this type of the speech is in that the reader saw the subject of the description, could present it in the imagination. The description meets in all styles of the speech, but in scientific style characteristic of objects has to be the fullest, and in art style the accent is put only on the brightest signs. Therefore also language means in art style are more various, in comparison with scientific: you can meet not only nouns and adjectives, but also adverbs, verbs, epithets, comparisons are also widespread.
2. The narration is a story about an event with respect for the temporary sequence. For any narrative text the general is existence of a tie (beginning of an event), development of the event and an outcome (end of the narration). It is possible to tell as from the third party (author's narration), and from the first person (the story-teller is called or "I" am designated by means of a pronoun). In the narration verbs of past tense of perfective aspect are most often used. But, to increase expressiveness of the text, the author can use also others: verbs of the present allow the reader to present as if action takes place on their eyes, verbs of perfective aspect show duration of action, forms of future time help the author to transfer precipitancy and unexpectedness of action.
3. The reasoning is a research of properties of various objects and phenomena, consideration of their interrelation. The reasoning goes as follows: the thesis (thought which needs to be proved or disproved) is at first formed, then arguments with examples, and a final part – a conclusion are listed. The thesis has to be accurate, arguments – convincing and in the quantity sufficient for confirmation of the put-forward thesis. Between a thesis and arguments the logical communication has to be visible.