Subtraction — one of the main operations which can be made with numbers. Happens so that it is necessary to make urgently some calculations, and the calculator near at hand did not appear. In this case you will be helped out by ability to subtract a column.
It is required to you
- - note paper;
- - handle or pencil.
Instruction
1. Write down two numbers the friend under the friend — smaller under big. Numbers consist of categories of units, dozens, hundreds and further on accruing. Write down units of one number under units of another, dozens — under dozens and so on. For example, it is required to subtract number 1346 from number 2589. Reduced in this example — 2589, subtracted — 1346.
2. Write down the six of the second under the nine of the first, the four — under the eight and so on. At the left between numbers write down the sign "—". Put end under numbers. Read since the end, i.e. from right to left. From units of the first subtract units of the second, from the dozen first — the dozen second and so on.
3. If the quantity of one or several of categories in a minuend are more, than in subtracted, subtract numbers the friend from the friend by usual rules. For example, from 316 it is necessary to subtract 205. From 6 subtract 5. Write down unit below the line. From 1 subtract 0, write down 1. Having subtracted from the 3rd the two, 1 will also turn out. Result — 111.
4. If the quantity of one or several of categories in a minuend are less, than in subtracted, "occupy" ten. For example, if it is necessary to subtract from number 56 9, write down 9 under 6. Put the end over figure 5 to occupy ten. It means that you have to reduce the number of dozens (5 dozen) by unit.
5. Make subtraction as though you subtracted 9 not from 6, and from 16. Subtract, having received 7. Subtract from five unit. You receive 4. The four indicates the number of dozens. Means as a result there will be 4 dozen and 7 units — 47. In this way subtract hundreds, thousands and other categories. Do not forget to put ends not to forget at what number you "lent".
6. You make subtraction in a column of decimal fractions by the same rules, having written down the whole part subtracted under the whole part reduced, respectively a fractional part — under fractional. For example, it is necessary to subtract 700.628 from number 843.217. Subtract from 7 eight. Put the end over unit. It means that you occupied ten, having reduced unit by one. Write down 9 below the line (17-8=9).
7. Instead of unit which you borrowed 0 turns out. Put the end over the two from the first as from 0 it is impossible to subtract the two. You occupied ten again, having reduced the two from the first by unit. It turns out that from 10 you subtract 2. Write down 8.
8. From 1 subtract 6. Put the end over the three to occupy ten. Then it will turn out that you subtract from 11 six. Write down five below the line. Put a comma. As you occupied unit the three, write down two below the line. Further read by the known rules. Result — 142.589.