The modern person uses all benefits which electricity gave him. However not everyone understands the principle of development of this electricity which is delivered from power plants.
Origin of the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction
Still about two hundred years ago Hans Christiaan Erstead noticed that the current proceeding in a chain causes a deviation of the magnetic needle lying nearby. From here also development of the idea that electricity and magnetism are interconnected went. Especially strongly this thought occupied M. Faraday who laid the foundation for the experiments which led to opening of the law of electromagnetic induction. In one of the experiments it found out that at a vydviganiye of a strip magnet from the coil connected to a galvanometer in the coil some electromotive force is directed. In what here a secret?
Actually phenomenon of electromagnetic induction
Let's begin with the fact that any magnet generates around itself magnetic field. If it is a strip magnet as in Faraday's experience, then it is important to notice that the field near a magnet differs that far from it. If you bring a magnet to the coil, that magnetic field penetrates it. And how deeply you pushed a magnet in the coil, the coil will be pierced by different magnetic field.
But what image there is E.D.S.? Emergence of tension in the coil is caused by moving of charges (electrons) to any one party, that is there are polarly opposite ends many charges of one sign. Means, variation magnetic field actually moves charges.
Strict explanation of the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction
It was initially supposed that magnetic and electric field are interconnected in such a way that variation magnetic field is capable to move electric charges, and variable electric – so-called magnetic. However actually it appeared not absolutely so.
The fact is that variation magnetic field generates around itself variation electric field and vice versa. And this electric field also moves charges in Faraday's coil. This fact about such interrelation of fields is reflected in James Clerc Maxwell's equations. And the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction which is shown in E.D.S. appearance in the closed contour at change of the magnetic flux passing through it is the special case following from these equations. You should not forget that electromagnetic induction assumes change of a magnetic flux not only by means of change of magnetic field also. Other way to change a stream is to change the area of a contour. In this case tension also appears, that is charges also move for the reason that change of the area means movement of a contour that actually means itself macroscopic movement of charges in it. Moving thus electric charges become magnetic, as causes their interaction with external magnetic field.