The way of scientific knowledge is interesting and thorny. Usually everything begins with the theory, a hypothesis, the assumption or assumption. Then series of experiments in controlled conditions of laboratories are conducted. And only after it the theory either is confirmed, or is rejected.
The way which the theory passes before becomes a fact, sometimes lasts for years. The scientist can not have opportunities, financings, the necessary conditions to confirm or refute the theory, having made it the fact. But gradually, if the person differs in persistence and has ambitions, unsteady air of its hypothesis can become solid granite of the basis of science.
Scientific fact of empirical search
The person learns the world either by means of theories, or in terms of empirical approach. In the first case business is limited to drawing up a certain ideal model of the studied object, its research and certain conclusions. Such approach does not demand application of a difficult technique to prove the case. There are usually enough handles and many sheets of paper, or swept also a big board. Not the fact, but certain knowledge which still needs to be confirmed becomes a fruit of labor of the scientist.
In an empirical way of knowledge everything is based on a strict letter of science. Devices, technologies, experiments – here true friends of the empirical scientist. Any hypothesis is not a just ideal idea of surrounding reality, and an occasion to make a cut, to put under a microscope, to show pictures in an ultra-violet or infrared range and so on. And only after all these necessary actions it is possible to establish the strict scientific fact or to disprove the fact that was at the heart of the hypothesis which caused a research.
The strict facts about the scientific fact
From the aforesaid it is possible to draw a conclusion that the fact it is admissible to call a form of scientific knowledge in which a certain event or the phenomenon is recorded. Objective comprehensive study before establishment of the fact having the following properties is obligatory: - the fact belongs to scientific area; - the procedure of establishment of the fact is described; - results of observations and measurements at the heart of the fact (undertake on average); - an opportunity to reproduce establishment of the fact unlimited number of times. Thus it is clear that the fact is strictly opposed to the theory or a hypothesis, however can be established thanks to these two categories. Interestingly and the fact that as from the theory the facts can be elicited, and the facts can form a basis for new fascinating theories. And if it is simpler, then it is possible to address the famous philosopher L. Wittgenstein who in the "Logiko-filosofsky treatise" gave the following definition to the fact. "It is what it happened to (happens) to be".