During creation of systems of artificial intelligence the experts should solve problems of the semantic analysis of the most various texts. Similar tasks arise also in the field of marketing, political science, philology and machine translation systems. Problems of semantic processing of natural and computer languages enter a focus of interest of the semantic analysis.
Bases of the semantic analysis
The semantic analysis represents one of the most difficult mathematical tasks. The main difficulty is in teaching to treat truly automatic search engines and other systems of artificial intelligence semantic units and to transfer to readers or listeners speech images without distortions here.
The correct recognition of images was always considered as one of the defining properties of the person and some other living beings. In essence the image is in the certain way the made description of any object. The person distinguishes complete designs during the whole time of wakefulness that is necessary for the correct assessment of the situation and decision-making. In modern culture receives a considerable part of images of people from text information.
Natural human language developed mostly spontaneously, but is not formalized as, for example, programming languages. For this reason there are difficulties in recognition and understanding of texts that leads to their double interpretation. The great value in understanding of information flows plays a situation context. Without knowing a context, very just to apprehend text information in the distorted look. If the person usually truly makes the meaning out of a context, then to the car to make it is very difficult. Similar problems are also solved during the semantic analysis.
Semantic analysis: essence and methodology
When preprocessing texts by an automatic machine method usually use the syntactic and morphological analysis. It is necessary to take only one step to present the meaning of separate parts of the text formally, that is to pass to the semantic analysis (The Molodoy Ucheny magazine, "Semantic Analysis of Texts", N. Chapaykina, May, 2012). A methodological basis of the traditional semantic analysis is the research of syntactic and morphological components of language. In the beginning creation of a syntactic tree of the separate offer is made. Then the morphological analysis of language structure follows. At this stage words with identical sounding, but different value are eliminated (homonyms). Without such preliminary study of the text the semantic analysis will be complicated. Own methodology of the semantic analysis includes semantic interpretation of speech designs and also establishment of a substantial component in the relations between parts of the text. At the same time not only separate words, but also their combinations can act as elements of the analysis. Addressing the semantic analysis, scientists consider the text not only as the set of words and offers, but also try to design the complete semantic image put by the author.