The Swiss scientist, the doctor and the psychologist Carl Gustav Jung, one of followers and Z. Freud's employees – the brightest figure (after Freud) in the movement of psychoanalysis. Jung's contribution to development of psychoanalysis is very considerable.
The new ideas and approaches in the theory of psychoanalysis of Jung
Jung added and developed psychoanalysis, having offered the idea of archetypes and the idea of an individuation (and also rethought and added methodology of researches and therapy).
According to the main concept of private philosophy of psychoanalysis of Jung, in complex unity with individual unconscious there is an inherited structure of mentality – collective unconscious. This field of mentality developed and was transferred hundreds of thousands of years (or perhaps and more). Thanks to this structure of people realizes the life experience quite in a certain way in concrete individual scenarios.
Forms collective unconscious are archetypes, the general for all people. Archetypes are the thought forms filled by the personal emotional and figurative contents in experience of life of each person. Archetypes are the most ancient forms of mental realities, and therefore are reflected in mythologies. Jung allocates several levels of unconscious: individual, family, group, national, racial and collective unconscious (including the archetypes universal for all cultures, the people and times).
This opening had serious impact on development not only psychotherapy and psychology, but also anthropology, ethnography, philosophy, esoterics and modern mystical exercises.
The philosophy of psychoanalysis can be carried to the forcible line in the western philosophy.
In general, it is possible to tell that the psychoanalysis philosophy developed by Freud and complemented with Jung cardinally changed the attitude to ethics, morality and culture in the western civilization.
Analytical psychology
After 1913 there is a break in relations between Freud and Jung for a number of reasons, mainly ideological then Jung begins to call the method analytical psychology. The main reasons – manifestation at Jung of the new ideas and approaches.
In the movement of psychoanalysis there is a set now of both Freudian, and yungiansky schools followers which representatives differently interpret the ideas of founding fathers and also offer quite effective forms and methods as in theoretical developments and concrete researches, and in psychotherapy and also techniques of personal development.