The ordinary amoeba lives in silt at the bottom of the polluted ponds. It is similar to the small jellylike colourless lump which is continuously changing the form. Her body presented only by one cage consists of semi-fluid cytoplasm with a puzyrevidny kernel, but despite this, the amoeba is capable to the movement.
Instruction
1. Semi-fluid cytoplasm of an amoeba constantly moves. If current of cytoplasm directs in any one point of a body, in this place the protrusion appears. Increasing in sizes, it becomes a lozhnonozhka – a body outgrowth where cytoplasm flows. By means of such lozhnonozhek the amoeba moves therefore it is carried to group kornenozhek (lozhnonozhka resemble roots of plants superficially).
2. At an amoeba can appear a little lozhnonozhek, surrounding a food particle – other elementary, an alga, a bacterium. From the cytoplasm which surrounded production digestive juice is emitted, and formed digestive vacuoles in which there is a digestion of food. A part of substances under the influence of juice are dissolved, digested, and the nutrients received thus filter from a vacuole into amoeba cytoplasm. Emission of not dissolved remains happens all surface of a body.
3. All surface of a body the amoeba breathes the oxygen dissolved in water and getting into its cytoplasm. By means of oxygen, complex feedstuffs of cytoplasm decay on simpler. This process is followed by allocation of the energy necessary for activity of the elementary.
4. Water from the environment surrounding an amoeba constantly gets into cytoplasm of the elementary. Products of exchange are removed from an organism of an animal not only through the surface of a body, but also through special sokratitelny vacuoles. This bubble gradually is replenished with water with hazardous substances, and from time to time its contents are thrown out outside.
5. Thus from the external environment the amoeba receives food, water and oxygen. In her body they undergo a number of changes, and the digested food serves as material for creation of a body of an animal. Waste of activity is removed outside. So there is a metabolism without which life of any organism on Earth is impossible.
6. Reproduction of an amoeba consists in consecutive division in two of a kernel and cytoplasms. Sokratitelny vacuoles at the same time passes to one young amoeba, and in another it is formed anew. For day the elementary can share several times.
7. At approach of adverse conditions (droughts, cold weather) the amoeba forms a cyst: her body is rounded, and the dense cover is allocated for surfaces. Then the animal leaves a cyst cover, releases lozhnonozhka and again passes to active lifestyle.