Monkeys are animal, the closest to the person in structure of the body. In terms of zoology, monkeys call all representatives of group of primacies. Primacies surpass other animals only by the ingenuity. As for a scent, hearing and sight, at primacies they are developed not in the best way.
Instruction
1. The modern zoology divides all monkeys into two groups. The first group is primacies of the Old World, and the second – primacies of the New World. In the first group the monkeys living in Africa and in Asia, and enter the second – primacies from Central and South America. Each of these groups has also distinctive features. For example, primacies of the New World have tails thanks to which they can hold trees during the movement. A nose at such monkeys wide. Representatives of the Old World, on the contrary, often I have no tail and if it also is, then does not render any help to the owner. A nose at Asian and African primacies very narrow. Both groups of animals include more than 160 species of various monkeys.
2. The brightest primacies of the New World are monkeys, Capuchins, tamarina, woolly monkeys, night and owl's monkeys, howler monkeys, tamarins, marmozetka, etc. Primacies of South and Central America are not so numerous and diverse as monkeys of the Old World as them there are only about 56 types. The largest number of various primacies lives in Africa and Asia, perhaps: scientists contain more than 135 types of these creations. All primacies are united in broad categories: colobuses, baboons, macaques, mandrills, etc. There is also one more category of monkeys of the Old World including only five nadsemeystvo of these primacies. They are called by anthropoids, or by gominoidam.
3. The chimpanzee, a gorilla, an orangutan, a gibbon and bonobo treat anthropoids (a dwarfish chimpanzee). Zoologists carry these primacies to a nadsemeystvo of uzkonosy monkeys. The structure of their body is similar to the structure of a human body, as allows to speak about these primacies as humanoid. These primacies have no tail and sciatic callosities. They have also no zashchechny bags. The characteristic of all humanoid primacies consists in their way of movement: instead of movement with use of all the extremities these animals move under branches, generally by means of the upper extremities. It caused also certain anatomic changes in a body of a primacy: their arms became flexible and long, and the thorax was flattened. All representatives of a nadsemeystvo of anthropoids can get up on back extremities, releasing the hands. The developed mimicry and also ability to analyze and think is characteristic of them.