The brain of birds has quite complex structure. It much more surpasses by the sizes a brain of reptiles, but has with them much in common. The most developed part are big cerebral hemispheres which are responsible for information processing.
General structure of a brain of birds
The brain is a part of the central nervous system which is concluded in a skull. At birds it consists of three main parts called thanks to the arrangement: back brain, midbrain and forebrain.
Back brain — a part, oblong, direct and rather small by the sizes. This, in fact, modified continuation of a spinal cord and cerebellum.
Two parts of a medulla are connected with each other by means of cerebellum shins. The midbrain consists of big semi-shares, a cerebral cortex and visual shares. The forebrain is subdivided into a thalamus and big cerebral hemispheres. Parts of a thalamus form a hypophysis and chiasmas (optic nerves). Side parts of a thalamus contain internal parts of visual shares which mammals have also, and a visual thalamus. A back part of a thalamus forms an epiphysis or a pineal gland, a calloused body and front soldering. The most part of hemispheres of a brain consists of a corpus striatum which is the bulk of gray brain substance. Also there are olfactory shares which are located on a front part of a brain.
Components of a brain of birds
The central canal which passes through a spinal cord and then proceeds in a brain. Then it extends and turns into visual petals. Expansion of this channel passes into a visual hillock which is responsible for sight of birds. The body is located from below a hypophysis and has a funnel appearance. The hypophysis is directly tied with body under the name "Turkish saddle". It is the niche or dredging formed a lobby and a back bazisfenoidnyma by bones. This peculiar body probably the degenerated rest of sensual body in the mouth of a backbone. It appeared partially as result of transformation of the sky which is connected to a brain nervous fibers. This body helps birds to define taste of food. Epifizny fibers or an epiphysis are the rest of sensual body which helps animals to catch smells at a great distance. It is still available for lizards, birds and some mammals. At people it is body it is almost atrophied. The cerebellum of birds consists of two "petals". It has a number of external cross furrows which divide it into lamels. On the vertical longitudinal, or "sagittal" dividing line, there is a treelike furrow. From walls of the central cavity of a cerebellum white brain fibers which the reddish gangliozny cages surrounded with a layer are extensively stretched. This body is responsible for all movements of birds. It is capable to coordinate waves of wings and turns of a tail during flights.