Cow - the most widespread animal in rural farmsteads. Clean air, presence of the areas for a pasture and good sheds allow to receive quality milk and meat from these animals. And existence of sales markets of agricultural products, allow to turn cultivation of cows into profitable business.
Instruction
1. At first be defined, for what purpose you plan to be engaged in cultivation of cows. There are several options, for example, for development of milk, sale of young growth, receiving meat.
2. After you decided on the purposes of cultivation of cattle, it is necessary to find the suitable room. Use construction of an old sample, the shed or the shed can be such construction. Temperature indoors where cows contain, has to be not less than 12 degrees of heat. It is necessary to watch lack of drafts not to chill animals. After identification or construction of the necessary room start purchase of animals. At the same time you can take advice of the experienced cattle breeder.
3. Cows with a high yield of milk are usually characterized by existence of several signs. It is thin frame, insufficiently developed muscles, a barrel-shaped shape of a trunk. At such animals the extended head and thin horns. They have a big udder which is covered with a fine hair. If the cow milks a little, the udder after milking practically does not change the sizes, remains dense and fleshy. The form of an udder has to be bowl-shaped, but not round.
4. If you choose meat breeds, then pay attention to the mass of an animal, payback of forages to his content, high quality of hulks, high intensity of growth of young growth for the short period.
5. Then you should be engaged in search of options of sale of finished goods. For this purpose it is possible to sign the contract for supply of dairy products with the nearest milk plant. If the purpose of cultivation of cows is receiving meat, it is possible to realize goods through meat processing plants. It is possible to sell products at fairs in the fall. If you plan to be engaged in cultivation of a big livestock of the cattle, it is better to register the individual entrepreneur.
6. calfs on walk, since 20 minutes a day, increasing stay duration in the fresh air till 5 o'clock. It is not necessary to let out calfs on the street in rainy weather, windy and also their mouths on dew.
7. That calfs grew better, give them special infusion from hay. It is necessary to train him independently. Take 1 kg of hay, small cut it, fill in 6-7 l of hot water (70-80 degrees). This solution should be infused within 6-7 hours, having well covered with a warm blanket from above. Then filter infusion and you give to drink it to calfs on ½ liters a day.
8. It is useful to give to calfs carrots, yeast, an egg yolk. It will fill a lack of vitamins B their organism and promotes the best yields of milk of cows further. On a pro-forage of one calf 400 l of milk, 240 kg of hay, 2-3 kg of salt, 150 kg of root crops, 250 kg of a silo, 100 kg of the granulated forages and 180 kg of the concentrated forages will be required.
9. Milk cows three times. Usually, at 5-6 o'clock, at 13-14 and 20 hours. The udder before milking needs to be washed surely. In the fall of cows remove in separate zagonchik near cowsheds for 2-4 hours a day.
10. Cows can have various diseases, but the most widespread of them are sciatica, mastitis, enterokolit also postnatal paresis. At the first manifestations of feeling sick, temperature increase, decrease in yields of milk or weakness it is necessary to call the doctor of the veterinarian who will perform inspection and will draw a conclusion on any given diagnosis.