The nineteenth week – one of the quietest periods of pregnancy. By this time already hormonal "storms" stop, and the size of a stomach remains still small. At the same time appears many pleasant feelings giving pleasure to future mom.
Changes in the woman's organism
To approach of the 19th week the small stomach is already noticeable rounded, though. Also gradually the breast increases. The hair color improves, they become more dense. Slightly the sensitivity of skin increases. In this regard it is not recommended to spend much time in the sun and also to often use cosmetics. Non-compliance with these measures is capable to lead to emergence on skin of pigmentary spots or an allergy.
Also the noticeable increase in weight is felt that slightly complicates gait of the woman. It is worth getting used to it, as well as for sleeping on one side: it is already impossible to lie on a stomach, and it bears danger to a fruit as mom can have a violation of blood circulation in an abdominal cavity. In general norm the increase up to 5 kg of weight is considered, and uterus bottom height to it times is about 20 centimeters.
Besides, in an organism of mother and baby hormone somatotropin, responsible for synthesis of RNA and DNA in cages of various bodies is actively produced. Under the influence of it at the woman the nose, ears, fingers can increase slightly, but it is not necessary to worry as after the delivery everything has to return to normal.
It is possible to distinguish easy problems with digestion and with a chair as the uterus increasing in a size gradually squeezes the bodies which are nearby from possible unpleasant feelings. In addition can be observed:
- bleeding of gums and rare nasal bleedings;
- headaches and dizzinesses;
- puffiness and spasms of extremities;
- varicosity standing;
- pains in a back.
These are quite normal phenomena to which the woman gradually gets used for all previous period of pregnancy. Nervousness and toxicosis, characteristic of early terms, already are practically not observed. It should be noted that the bone tissue actively develops in this period at future child therefore it needs more calcium. It is necessary to include dairy products, fresh vegetables and fruit, buckwheat and low-fat meat products in a diet. It is necessary to exclude the spices, smoked products and fried dishes which are worsening digestion and which are quite often causing allergies.
Development of a placenta on the 19th week of pregnancy
Completion of formation of a placenta becomes the most important point observed in this period of pregnancy. It is formed and begins actively to function a placentary barrier, providing readiness of an organism of the woman for future childbirth. In certain cases this process can come to the end to the termination of the 20th week.
The placenta performs the major functions among which:
- respiratory – supply of a fruit with oxygen;
- trophic – providing the child with necessary nutrients;
- secretory – a conclusion of waste products of a fruit;
- hormonal – production of the hormones which are responsible for growth and maturing of a fruit.
protective – purification of blood of mother of hazardous substances due to work of the gematoplatsentarny barrier consisting of the placentary filter and walls of blood vessels of mother;
About the end of formation of a placentary barrier it is possible to judge by ultrasonography passing. By this time a limit for the use of some medicines is lifted what the attending physician has to report about.
Analyses and inspections
To approach of the 19th week of pregnancy it is recommended to make blood test on hemoglobin to prevent possible development of anemia. Besides, it is necessary to check sugar level. Every two weeks future mom has to make the general test of urine to make sure of lack of protein in it. The following that needs to be made - to undergo genetic screening which has to be carried out surely in the second trimester, remaining informative till 20th week of pregnancy.
Besides, to future mothers the so-called threefold test which enter biochemical blood test on AFP, HGCh and free estriol is appointed. These indicators in total with such information as age of the woman, her weight, the number of children, etc., help to define risk of development in future child of possible chromosomal anomalies.
According to instructions of the doctor on the 19th week of pregnancy the next ultrasonography can be carried out. This inspection is directed to studying internals of the woman and also shows development of the kid. At the same time the following factors are considered:
- condition of a vorotnikovy zone and nasal bone of a fruit for definition of existence or lack of chromosomal anomalies;
- heartbeat of the child;
- motive activities of the kid (by this time he is already rather mobile);
- presence of any pathologies;
- condition of amniotic waters.
- if the child is in the correct situation, it is already possible to define its sex.
Development of systems and bodies of the child
To approach of the 19th week of pregnancy future kid has still red and wrinkled skin though it is gradually thickened and finds resistant protective properties. Adjournment of hypodermic fat cellulose in a breast and kidneys and also the person is observed that allows the child to accumulate necessary energy.
The central nervous system develops, communication between nervous cages amplifies, the cerebral cortex grows. Reflex activity of the child becomes complicated, he begins to move more actively hands and legs, on a face there are first emotions, and still he can periodically thrust fingers into a mouth. Also hearing of the child develops: it can already react to loud sounds and be frightened some of them.
Also digestive system of a fruit is improved. Intestines begin to accumulate meconium – first-born kcal which the died-off cells of bile and the peeled epithelium getting into intestines when swallowing amniotic waters enter. The Kcal is not allocated and processed by absorption into blood yet. Already created liver of the child neutralizes it and removes outside through kidneys. The emitted urine gets to amniotic liquid and is freely removed through an urinary system of the woman from there. Lungs were almost completely created and provide uniform breath.
So, on the 19th week the majority of systems and bodies of the kid already actively work, however he still remains rather weak and sensitive. Premature birth during this period nullifies survival practically therefore future mom has to observe attentively all recommendations of the doctor and lead the correct life.