To school the child has to already not only be able to read, but also to know structure of number. What is structure of number? In other words, it is several small numbers into which it is possible to divide a large number. For example, number 3 consists of numbers 1 and 2. It is rather simple to teach the child to structure of number, but if the child is not 5 years old yet, it is better to do it in playful way.
It is required to you
- - cards with figures and images of objects;
- - objects: sticks, nuts, candies, etc.
Instruction
1. At first teach the child to numbers up to 10. Prepare cards with figures and the image of any objects. For example, near figure 5 5 butterflies will flit. Show to the child of a card, every week study some figure. Let the child find this figure of the house or on the street: three mugs, two machines, etc.
2. When the kid well acquires figures up to 10, start addition and subtraction. During the day ask the child questions: two white balls and one blue – how much? There were four cubes if to take away one how many will remain? Be not persuasive, let the child perceive it as a game. If to the child it is not interesting or difficult, postpone training so far, it is quite possible that for it such tasks so far to solve early. From time to time resume attempts, look for what is interesting to it. Perhaps, he does not want to consider cubes, but with pleasure will count sparrows on a tree or cookies.
3. When the kid acquires addition and subtraction, start the next stage. Suggest to spread out three sticks to two small groups. He quickly will understand that it is possible to make it only in two ways 2+1 or 1+2. It is also structure of number 3. Also in an easy form ask the kid questions of structure of numbers. For example, how it is possible to divide 5 nuts between two little squirrels or four candies between two children? As a rule, children very quickly learn to solve such problems on the example of candies.
4. At school it is required to the child not only quantitative concepts of number (for example, 5 objects), but also serial, (for example, the fifth). Therefore when he acquires all above-mentioned skills, you teach it to consider abstract numbers. Now set to it examples with numbers, but not apples and cubes. One occupation should not last longer than 15 minutes, the child just will not be able well to concentrate attention. To stir interest in training, stage a small contest: for three correct answers give to the kid candy or apple. It is quite possible that business will go quicker.