When the rafter system, at last, is made, there comes the long-awaited final of the device of roof — flooring of the covering called also roof. What nuances of this stage of works it is necessary to remember?
Choosing professional flooring for the roof device, it is necessary to have general idea of material properties, the sequence performance of mounting and the basic rules of safety during operating time with it.
Types of professional flooring
Professional flooring is called the sheet of thin rolling steel with the put protective layer. The profile of leaf turns out rolling of flat leaf on forming shafts of the machine (cold rolling). Higher profile gives to sheets the increased durability
Two types of rolling differ: low - and high-profile sheets. Low-profile sheets with height to 20 mm are used for covering of vertical surfaces. Other their name — wall sheets. Sheets with high profile — from 20 mm and above — are applied to covering of roofs. Different height of profile is caused by the fact that wall sheets bear only wind load, and roofing — wind and atmospheric, especially long-term snow.
The profile is carried out in wave mode as slate, or trapezes. Sheets with trapezoid profile enjoy the greatest popularity.
As protective layer of professional sheets serve polymers, alloys of zinc or aluminum. The cost of galvanized sheets is 15-20 percent lower than cost polymeric because of higher protective properties and wide choice of color schemes.
Several types of professional flooring differ:
- It is marked by letter C. Intended for wall decoration, pediments, buildings of hangar type, the device of fences, etc.
- Marking — letter H. It is used for the roof device.
- It is marked by letters NANOSECONDS. Is universal profile for walls and roofs.
Any type of profile will be suitable for covering of roof, but it is better to choose specialized leaf.
Professional flooring merits and demerits
All materials have advantages and shortcomings which it is worth remembering before purchase of building materials. Treat advantages:
- The small weight of leaf allows to unload and lift leaf to one person.
- The flexibility of leaf — can be bent and given easily to hard-to-reach spot, for example, between furrings or to window.
- Mounting and dismantling of the leaf is very simple and available to the beginning master.
- High operational rates at the correct device — the guarantee is given minimum for 15 years, upon several times above.
- Wide choice in form and color scheme — roofs of our cities and villages are pleasing to the eye infinite variety.
Negative points are available too. Carry to them:
- High heat conductivity. On the attic or penthouse with metal roof at temperature drops condensate quickly accumulates. At the device of any covering it is necessary to carry out actions for the vapor barrier device from professional flooring. These are additional expenses and labor input.
- Acoustic permeability of metal. Even the roof with heat-insulation layer is capable to pass sounds. Heavy rain, hail or noise of birds — it is possible, all this will irritate owners. The additional sound-proof layer in roof design is necessary for elimination.
- Low mechanical stability. Even the small scratch in polymeric covering affects with rust the unprotected metal subsequently. Mounting of professional flooring should be carried out with observance of all rules and not to allow damages of sheets.
The tool for mounting of roof
Special purpose tools are necessary for the correct mounting of sheets of professional flooring:
- The screw driver with nozzle under hexagon head. To carry out fastening of sheets only self-tapping screws drills with hexagon head under color of roof and pressing disk.
- Scissors for metal cutting. Will be necessary for small cuts and adjustment where it is optional to pull the power supply network.
- Electric drill. The number of self-tapping screws will be huge and the screw driver quickly will begin to be discharged therefore to tools it is necessary to buy in addition also the extender with several connectors.
- Electrofret saw. The professional flooring categorically cannot be cut disk abrasive angle grinder. It too powerful and always damages leaf covering. Besides the swarf can get between sheets when mounting, forming slot for water. The fret saw will cut leaf exactly and without shaving.
- Soft brush for schistka of shaving and other small garbage. It is useful when laying sheets on furring.
- Rubber hammer. It is necessary for small adjustment and straightening of small sites. It is worth refusing the metal hammer — it will leave dents and will bring down covering.
All tools can be bought in the nearest shop of building materials.
Mounting of roof
For example of the device of roof we will choose the simplest option — covering of gable roof. The rafter system is exposed and fixed, furring is not arranged yet, step-by-step mounting of roof begins.
Waterproofing device
On it moisture from condensate will flow down in water waste system. The strip of film stretches across slope in the most lower part and is fixed to rafters by the stapler. The second strip fastens above with overlap in 20 cm. Joints need to be glued with bilateral adhesive tape on all length. For moisture elimination, under film in the lower part of rafters the so-called drip fastens.
Counterfurring device
It is carried out from rails, 2-3 cm high and width on thickness of foot of a rafter. Rails are beaten by nails in each foot of a rafter on all length. Counterfurring rails in addition strengthen parusyashchy waterproofing film, but its main assignment is to separate furring from vapor barrier for free drain of condensate. We do rail in the lower part 5 cm shorter for the subsequent fastening of eaves.
Furring device
Furring represents board 25 mm thick and 100-150 mm wide. The step of furring depends on tilt angle of roof and height of profile of leaf. At inclination slung step makes 350–400 mm. Furring to foot of a rafter it is possible to fix nails, changing the angle of occurrence for durability. Mounting of furring is conducted from below up, trying not to tear waterproofing. All works at height demand extra care and accuracy.
Mounting of water waste system
In the lower part of rafters not all system but only brackets for support of trenches is installed. Brackets through one foot of a rafter normal self-tapping screws below furring on 10–15 cm fasten. Gutters are suspended after mounting of sheets of professional flooring.
Eaves device
The eaves are carried out on all length of roof from metal section. Assignment of eaves as decorative — closes from below all visible elements of roof — and practical — protects tree from drain and splashes of water. The eaves fasten on lower to dock of furring.
Wind levels
It is the best of all to mount wind levels before installation of sheets of professional flooring. Carefully leveled levels will serve as guides for the first row of sheets, they should not be adjusted that is not always convenient. Levels can be established from one face from where mounting of sheets will begin. The second face can be closed after installation of ridge element.
Mounting of sheets of professional flooring
When all preparatory work is performed, it is possible to start directly laying of sheets. In rolling the sheets are issued 12 m long therefore it is possible to order sheets on all extent of slope at once. Small minus in transportation and submission of sheets on roof is compensated by lack of overlaps, reduction of risk of flowing of water, convenience of mounting. If sheets nevertheless are chosen as piece, the overlap needs to be made in 20–40 cm depending on corner of slope of roof.
Sequence of laying of sheets following:
- To lay the first edge leaf. The wind level will help with alignment. Leaf overhang from furring — 40–50 mm.
- To fix leaf by self-tapping screws. It is better to start fixture from the center of the sheet to edges not to allow rebound of leaf.
- To twist self-tapping screws in the lower wave of professional flooring, in furring. You should not twist the self-tapping screw against the stop, crushing laying of washer. The self-dragging-on press washer will not allow water to get into opening.
- To lay the second leaf with overlapping on one wave. Fastening on crest of wave is carried out by the short self-tapping screw which is not getting into furring. If to tighten the self-tapping screw in tree, the profile is deformed and the cavity to which water will get is formed.
If mounting is carried out from piece sheets, then two lower leaves keep within, and then one top — work is conducted with "lag" of the top ranks. According to such scheme the laying of all sheets of slope is carried out. The return slope becomes covered similarly.
Mounting of ridge element — the final stage of works. When mounting under level the sealing comb repeating profile of sheets is established. The tape will prevent hit under the fad of snow, dust, insects. The level the same as sheets drags on.
After installation of eaves gutters the roof is ready for operation.
Safety rules
During the work at height use of insurance belt is obligatory. The safety rope carbine clings to the next furring. The belt is irreplaceable when moving on abrupt slopes and on already laid sheets of professional flooring. Besides the belt has convenient pockets and covers for the tool and self-tapping screws. The cost of insurance is insignificant in comparison with life or human health.
Works on rise and mounting of sheets need to be carried out to windless weather. Sheets are very easy, with big windage — even weak wind can cause extensive damage. In rainy weather it is better not to work as wet sheets very slippery.
Not to deform material, sheets lift on two inclined boards by means of special rope with carbine, insuring from below giving by long rail in the form of mop.
Movement footwear on the laid professional flooring has to be with soft sole, fasteners on velcros. At the movement it is necessary to try to step on furring.
If in the course of mounting there were coating damages of sheets, they are tinted paint from barrel. It is better to spray at once, at detection of flaw.
These rules are simple, but their observance will save from troubles when mounting roof from professional flooring.