Columnar apple-trees become very popular among gardeners thanks to the compactness, precocity and fertility. About 30 years ago at Institute of gardening (now VSTISP) has removed grade Vasyugan by means of crossing of apple-trees of "KV-5" and "Cowberry". This apple-tree differs in special frost resistance. It is ideal for cultivation in regions with severe climate — in the Urals, in Siberia and in the Far East.
Apple-tree Vasyugan: description of grade
On growth force the columnar apple-tree Vasyugan belongs to semi-dwarfish, the tree in one trunk grows. Maximum height of apple-tree is 3 m, it is reached by Vasyugan at the age of 6 — 8 years.
The krone is very compact, without side branches. Fructification of apple-tree of grade Vasyugan is concentrated on the shortened interstices (kolchatka), is abundant covering trunk in the form of column. Because of total absence of branches and thanks to the shortened interstices impression is made that fruits grow directly on trunk.
Apples grow mean value, the weight of one fruit averages 100 — 150 g, but in certain cases can reach also 200 g. Conical form and extended, coloring of thin skin yellowish-green with reddish striped flush. Pulp has fine-grained structure and is painted in white and cream tone. Saturated taste, sweet-sour, by tasting criteria grade apples Vasyugan belong to dessert type. Fruit very fragrant.
Average yield of Vasyugan of 5-6 kg from one tree, maximum — 10 kg. The indisputable advantage of columnar apple-tree is its skoroplodnost. After disembarkation to the constant place it is possible to receive the first fruits in the first year, further the productivity increases. The apple-tree is capable to fructify effectively for 15 years then the productivity considerably decreases. According to gardeners, it is necessary to land new copies each 10 years to update landings.
Rules of landing of columnar apple-tree
Vasyugan it is possible to start landing of saplings of columnar apple-tree of grade both in the fall, and in the spring. The place is recommended to be chosen as solar as at bright lighting apples become more tasty, get special sochnot. However, it is the best of all to avoid its arrangement on the blaze of the sun and draft and also with groundwater occurrance it is higher than 4 meters.
For landing loamy and loamy and sandy types of soils are the best. Soil has to be soft, with good water permeability and aeration.
Holes for landing of saplings of apple-tree Vasyugan should be prepared in advance. Do it as follows:
- Dig out opening of 50 cm in width and 80 cm in depth. At the same time the top layer is postponed in one party, and lower, less fertile — in another.
- The top layer of soil is mixed with wood ashes, compost and superphosphate and put substrate in the prepared hole.
- Apple-tree saplings Vasyugan place at distance 40 cm from each other, between ranks — 1 m.
The tree lands together with support peg to which he should be tied soft fabric. It is established alee. It becomes not to damage bark. After landing the sapling needs to be spilled large amount of water and to zamulchirovat mowed grass.
Nuances of care for columnar apple-tree Vasyugan
In the first year after landing the apple-tree needs to be watered, loosened surely the soil in pristvolny circle and to introduce fertilizers. If to season seldom there are rains, then moistening carry out once a week in the evening. After watering or rain it is recommended to prorykhlit the soil. Do it with care not to damage roots.
Vasyugan is feature of care for grade cutting of apple-tree. This procedure differs from the standard forming and sanitary cutting characteristic of normal grades. Side branches are not required for columnar apple-trees. They are cut off in the spring on two kidneys. By fall on this place there are several escapes growing up. They are also cut off on two kidneys.